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Uni > The Respiratory System > Flashcards

The Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the main function of the Respiratory System?

A

Respiration

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2
Q

What are the 3 steps of respiration?

A

Pulmonary ventilation
External respiration
Internal respiration

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3
Q

What is Pulmonary Ventilation?

A

The mechanical flow of air in and out of the lungs.

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4
Q

What is External Respiration?

A

It is gaseous exchange in the lungs

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5
Q

What is Internal Respiration?

A

It is gaseous exchange in the tissues.

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6
Q

What are the 6 functions of the respiratory system?

A
  • Respiration
  • helps to regulate Blood Ph
  • filters, warms,and moistensinspired air
  • produces sounds
  • rids thebody of some water and heat in exhaled air.
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7
Q

What are the 3 upper parts of the respiratory system?

A
  • Nose
  • Nasal cavity
  • Pharynx
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8
Q

What are the 4 lower parts of the respiratory system?

A
  • Larynx
  • Trachea
  • Bronchi
  • Lungs
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9
Q

What is the conduction zone?

A

Its a series of tubes and cavities that conduct air in and out of the lungs

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10
Q

What is the respiratory zone?

A

Its the tissues within the lungs that gas exchange occurs.

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11
Q

What is the external part of the nose made from?

A

Skin and Cartilage and it is lined with a mucous membrane.

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12
Q

What is the nose adapted for?

A

Warming, moistening and filtering air. and olfaction and acting as a resonating chamber.

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13
Q

What is the pharynx?

A

It is a funnel shaped tube that starts at the internal nares and extends a short way down the neck.

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14
Q

Where is the pharynx?

A

It’s behind the nasal and oral cavities and is composed of skeletal muscle lined with mucous membrane.

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15
Q

What is the nasopharynx?

A

Its the passageway for air

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16
Q

What is the oropharynx?

A

It is the passageway for air and food

17
Q

What is the larynx?

A

Its the voice box and connects the pharynx and thetrachea.

18
Q

What 4 things does the larynx include?

A
  • Thethyroid cartilage(Adam’s apple),
  • Theepiglottis,
  • Thecricoid cartilage,
  • Thevocal cords.
19
Q

What is the trachea?

A

It joins the larynx to the primary bronchi

20
Q

What is the trachea made from?

A

Smooth muscle and C-shaped rings of cartilage

21
Q

What does the trachea split into?

A

Aright main (primary) bronchus, whichgoes to the right lung, and aleft main (primary) bronchus, whichgoes to the left lung.

22
Q

What does the main bronchi divide to form?

A

Lobar or secondary bronchi

23
Q

What does Secondary bronchi divide to form?

A

Segmental or tertiary bronchi.

24
Q

What does Segmental bronchi divide to form?

A

Forms bronchioles.

25
Q

What do Bronchioles branch into?

A

Terminal bronchioles

26
Q

Where are the lungs?

A

In the thoracic cavity

27
Q

What is each lung enclosed in?

A

Pleural membrane.

28
Q

What is the outer layer of the lung?

A

Parietal pleura

29
Q

What is the inner layer of the lung?

A

Visceral pleura

30
Q

How many lobes are in the right lung?

A

3

31
Q

What does the left lung contain?

A

2 Lobes, the depression and the cardiac notch

32
Q

Each lobeconsists of lobules containing what?

A

lymphatic vessels, venules terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs and alveoli

33
Q

Where does gaseous exchange happen?

A

In the respiratory membrane

34
Q

When does the diaphragm contract?

A

when it receives nerveimpulses from the phrenic nerves

35
Q

What happens in external and internal respiration?

A

O2 and C O2 move from areas of higher partial pressure to areas of lower partial pressure.

36
Q

What is external respiration?

A

It is the exchange of gases between alveolar air and pulmonary blood capillaries.

37
Q

What is Internal respiration?

A

It is the exchange of gases between systemic tissue capillaries and systemic tissue cells.

38
Q

how does blood transport it gases?

A

Between the lungs and body tissues.

39
Q

How much O2 in the blood is bound to haemoglobin?

A

98.5%

Uni (7 decks)

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