The Second Deal and overall successes and failures Flashcards
What was the Social Security Act?
This aimed to help the widowers, elderly and needy. Provided state pensions for elderly and widowed. Allowed state governments to work with the federal government to provide help for sick and disabled. Also set up a scheme for unemployment insurance. This meant workers payed a small amount of money each week and they would receive a small benefit. However only helped those currently employed.
What was the Wagner Act?
Aimed for workers. Forced all employers to allow trade unions to operate in their companies and to let them negotiate with employees for better pay and conditions. The new act made it illegal to sack workers for being in the union.
What was the workers progress administration?
Aimed at employment. This brought all organisations together in order to create jobs. It extended the work beyond building projects to create work for office workers, actors, artists and photographers. The governments paid artists to paint pictures and displayed them in tones and cities.
What was the Resettlement Administration Act?
Aimed at smallholders and farmers who had not been helped by the AAA. It helped tenant farmers who had not been helped by the AAA. The organisation moved over 500,000 families to better quality land and housing. The Farm Security Administration replaced the RA in 1937. It gave loans to small farmers to help them buy land. It also built camps to provide decent living conditions for migrants.
What were the successes of the New Deal for the unemployed and the overall economy?
- The new deal created millions of jobs.
- the new deal cut the number of business failures.
- projects such as the TVA brought work and an improved living standard to deprived areas including schools, roads and power stations.
- the new deal stabilised American banking system.
What were the failures of the New Deal for the unemployed and the overall economy?
- the new deal never solved the underlying economic problems.
- the US took longer to recover than most European countries.
- the new deal undermined state government.
- confidence remained low - throughout the 1930s Americans only spent and invested about 75% of what they had before 1929.
- 6 million were still employed by 1941 and only the USAs entry to WW2 brought an end to unemployment.
What were the successes of the New Deal for the industrial workers?
- The new deal measures strengthened the position of labour unions against the large American industrial giants.
- Roosevelt’s government generally tried to support unions and make large companies negotiate with them.
What were the failures of the New Deal for the industrial workers?
Unions were teated with suspicion you employers and many strikes were broken up with brutal violence in the 1930s.
Big businesses remained immensely powerful in the USA despite being challenged by the Government.
What were the successes of the New Deal for the African Americans?
- around 200,000 African Americans gained benefits from the civilian conservation corps (CCC) and other new agency deals.
- many African Americans benefited from new deal slum clearance and housing projects.
What were the failures of the New Deal for the African Americans?
- many new deal agency’s discriminated against African Americans. They either got no work or received worst treatment or lower wages.
- Roosevelt failed to pass the against lynching of African Americans. He feared democrat senators in the southern states would not support him.
What were the successes and failures of the New Deal for women?
Failure: most of the new deal programmes were aimed to help male manual workers rather than women. (Only about 8000 involved in the CCC)
Success: the new deal saw some women achieve prominent positions. Eleanor Roosevelt became an important campaigner on social issues.
What were the successes and failures of the New Deal for the Native Americans?
Success: the Indian reservation act helped native Americans practise their traditions, laws and culture.
The Indian Reservation Act of 1934 provided money to help Native Americans to buy and improve land.
Failures: Native Americans remained a poor and excluded section of society.
What were the successes of the New Deal for Society ?
- the new deal was a huge social and economic programme. Government help on this scale would have never been possible before Roosevelt’s time. It set the tone for future policies for the government to help people.
- the new deal restored faith of the American people in their government.
What were the failures of the New Deal for Society ?
The new deal divided the USA. Roosevelt and his officials were often accused of being communists and of undermining American values. Ikes and Hopkins were often accused of being anti-business because they supported trade unions.
How did the Republicans react to the new deal?
They were supported by most major businesses and argues the new deal was doing too much. They believed government should intervene as little as possible in businesses. They regarded Roosevelt as a dictator attempting to control too many aspects of American life.
