The senses Flashcards
(15 cards)
What are the two types of sensory responses?
Objective - Sensory science and Subjective - Consumer research
Light is projected through the iris on to the surface of the retina how is this signal sent to the brain?
The retina contains rods and cones. The rods identify light and the cones identify colour. These convert light energy to electrical impulses that are sent to the brain via the optic nerve
What are the two ways smell is perceived?
Through the orthonasal route for odour and retronasal route for aroma/ flavour
How to we smell through the orthonasal route?
Volatile compounds enter the nose and are picked up by the cilia on the receptor cells or the nasal or olfactory epithelium, this passes the signal to the brain for the smell to be identified
What does the ishihara test, test for?
Colour blindness
How do we taste?
There are thousands of receptor cells on the taste epithelium on the tongue. They respond to soluble (non-volatile) substances that make up tastes
What is stimulus error?
When sources of bias are introduced by the other senses perception of the product
What are the 5 categories of taste sensation?
Sweet - Sucrose, glucose
Salt - Sodium chloride
Sour - Citric or malic acid
Bitter - Caffeine
Umami - MSG
What is the detection threshold?
The lowest level at which a stimulus is perceived
What is recognition threshold?
The lowest level at which a stimulus is recognised
What is difference threshold?
The lowest level at which a change in stimulus intensity is identified
What is terminal threshold?
The level of a stimulus above which there is no perceived increase in intensity
What if flavour?
Flavour is the combination of taste, aroma and trigeminal response
How is texture perceived through touch?
Through tactile sense - somethesis which is felt through the receptors on our skin, and
Deep pressure sense - kinesthesis which is felt through the nerve fibres in muscles and tendons
