Thoracic Wall & Lungs

Question 1

What does the breast consist of?

Answer 1

• glandular tissue
• ducts
• adipose tissue (fat)

Question 2

What is the arterial supply for the thoracic wall?

Answer 2

• subclavian -> int. thoracic -> med. mammary
• axillary -> lat. thoracic -> lat. mammary

Question 3

What is the lymphatic drainage of the breast?

Answer 3

sentinel lymph node

major lymph node is the axillary lymph node

Question 4

What forms the thoracic wall?

Answer 4

• clavicle
• scapula
• sternum
• thoracic vertebrae
• ribs

Question 5

What forms the bony support/thoracic cavity?

Answer 5

• sternum
• thoracic vertebrae
• ribs

Question 6

What structures make of the sternum?

Answer 6

• jugular notch
• manubrium
• sternal angle
• body
• xiphoid process

Question 7

What is attached to ribs 1 & 2 of the thoracic wall?

Answer 7

• rid 1 -> manubrium
• rib 2 -> angle of Louis

Question 8

What ribs attach directly to the sternum?

Answer 8

ribs 1-7 = true ribs

Question 9

What ribs attach indirectly to the sternum?

Answer 9

ribs 8-10 = false ribs

Question 10

What ribs DO NOT attach to the sternum at all?

Answer 10

ribs 11-12 = floating ribs

Question 11

What does the costal groove contain?

Answer 11

intercostal veins, artery, & nerve

b/w internal intercostal & innermost intercostal

Question 12

What do the superior & inferior facets & tubercle articulate with?

Answer 12

• sup. -> vertebrae above
• inf. -> same # number vertebrae
• tubercle -> same # vertebrae

Question 13

Is the groove for the subclavian vein anterior or posterior?

Answer 13

anterior

Question 14

Is the groove for the subclavian artery anterior or posterior?

Answer 14

posterior

Question 15

What is located between the subclavian vein and artery?

Answer 15

ant. scalene muscle which attaches to rib 1

Question 16

What does the pectoralis major attach to?

Answer 16

• clavicle
• sternum
• costal cartilage of ribs 2-6

Question 17

What does the pectoralis minor attach to?

Answer 17

ant. surface of ribs 3-5

Question 18

What does the serratus anterior attach to?

Answer 18

lat. surface of ribs 1-8

Question 19

Where do the external intercostals run?

Answer 19

• run lat. -> med
• becomes membranous ant.

Question 20

Where do the internal intercostals run?

Answer 20

• run med. -> lat
• becomes membranous post.
• covers outside costal groove

Question 21

What is located mostly laterally and covers the inside costal groove?

Answer 21

innermost intercostals

Question 22

What are the transversus thoracic & subcostalis?

Answer 22

incomplete layers deep to everything

Question 23

What muscles are responsible for inspiration?

Answer 23

• int. intercostals
• ext. intercostals
• diaphragm

Question 24

What muscles are responsible for expiration?

Answer 24

• int. intercostals
• transversus spinalis
• subcostalis

Question 25

The diaphragm is responsible for what percentage of breathing?

Answer 25

75%

Question 26

What does the phrenic nerve innervate (C 3/4/5)?

Answer 26

diaphragm & lungs

Question 27

What does the diaphragm do during inspiration & expiration?

Answer 27

* inspiration -> contracts & lowers * expiration -> relaxes & raises

Question 28

What are the structures that pass through the diaphragm?

Answer 28

* IVC -> 8th vertebrae * esophagus -> 10th vertebrae * aorta -> 12th vertebrae

Question 29

What lines the thoracic cavity?

Answer 29

parietal pleura (superficial to visceral pleura)

Question 30

What covers the lungs?

Answer 30

visceral pleura (deep to parietal pleura)

Question 31

What is the pulmonary ligament?

Answer 31

folded double layer of pleura

Question 32

What are recesses in the lungs?

Answer 32

when the pleura extends below the lungs; fluid can pool here

Question 33

What are the 3 lobes of the right lung?

Answer 33

superior, middle, & inferior

Question 34

What is the oblique fissure in the right lung?

Answer 34

separates sup. & inf. lobe

Question 35

What is the transverse fissure in the right lung?

Answer 35

separates upper & middle lobe

Question 36

What is the hilum of the right lung?

Answer 36

* connects the lung to bronchi * contains pulmonary art. + veins

Question 37

What are the impressions of the right lung from anterior to posterior?

Answer 37

* brachiocephalic vein * trachea * esophagus * arch of Azygos

Question 38

What is the lingula on the left lung?

Answer 38

* on sup. lobe * remnant of missing 3rd lobe

Question 39

What are the 2 lobes of the left lung?

Answer 39

sup & inf

Question 40

What is the function of the hilum of the left lung?

Answer 40

* connects the lung to the bronchi * contains pulmonary art & veins

Question 41

What are the impressions of the left lung from anterior to posterior?

Answer 41

* cardiac notch * subclavian art. * aorta

Question 42

How do the pulmonary veins of the lungs enter?

Answer 42

via hilium

Question 43

What is the arterial supply of the lung? (RALS)

Answer 43

* right pulmonary art. = ant * left pulmonary art. = sup

Question 44

What is the bronchopulmonary segment?

Answer 44

where bronchi split with own arterial branch to supply a specific lung area

Question 45

What is the flow of bronchis?

Answer 45

trachea -> primary bronchi -> secondary bronchi -> tertiary bronchi