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Flashcards in Thyroglossal cysts Deck (10)
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1
Q

What is a Thyroglossal cyst?

A

Epithelium-lined fluid-filled sac along the course of descent of the thyroid, resulting from incomplete closure of the thyroid’s migration path

2
Q

Describe the aetiology of Thyroglossal cysts

A

Thyroglossal duct is an embryonic remnant of the path of descent of the thyroid gland from the mouth down to its normal position during development
Normally disappears in the 6th week, but if some tissue remains, it can develop into a cyst

3
Q

Give a risk factor for Thyroglossal cysts

A

RARE familial variants

4
Q

Describe the epidemiology of Thyroglossal cysts

A

Presents in CHILDREN + ADOLESCENTS
Mean age of presentation: 5 yrs
3 x more common than branchial cysts

5
Q

Describe presentation of Thyroglossal cysts

A

Noticeable swelling/ lump in the midline of the anterior neck
Usually ASYMPTOMATIC
May be tenderness or rapid enlargement due to infection

6
Q

Describe the appearance of Thyroglossal cysts

A

Midline, smooth, rounded swelling

Typically between the thyroid notch + hyoid bone

7
Q

Give 3 features of Thyroglossal cysts on examination

A

Moves upwards on protrusion of the tongue
Moves upwards with swallowing
Can be transilluminated (contains clear fluid so glows)

8
Q

Give 3 differentials for Thyroglossal cysts

A

Lymph node
Dermoid cyst
Ectopic thyroid tissue

9
Q

What investigations are needed for Thyroglossal cysts?

A

NONE if patient is euthyroid

US/ MRI: to differentiate from other structures

10
Q

What investigations may be performed if the cyst is supra hyoid?

A

TFTs: to exclude a lingual thyroid; because removal of the lingual thyroid will make the patient hypothyroid