Tissues Flashcards
1
Q
Define tissue
A
Groups of cells with similar structures that act together to perform a specific function
2
Q
What are the four types of tissue?
A
- Epithelial tissue
- Nervous tissue
- Muscle tissue
- Connective tissue
3
Q
Where is epithelial tissue found?
A
- Skin
- Membranes that line body cavities and tracts
4
Q
What is the function of epithelial tissue?
A
- Dense cellular sheet for covering/protecting/lining cavities and tracts
- Forms skin
5
Q
What are the features of epithelial tissue?
A
- Strong connections between cells
- No blood supply (rely on extracellular tissue fluid)
- Supported by basal lamina complex
- Can form glands to secrete various substances
6
Q
What are the six different types of epithelial tissue?
A
- Simple squamous epithelium (thin delicate sheet lining alveoli of lungs with no barrier to gaseous diffusion)
- Stratified squamous epithelium - can withstand abrasion and forces (e.g. vocal cords, oral cavity, skin)
- Simple columnar epithelium (small bronchioles)
- Psuedostratified columnar epithelium - single layer appearing to be multiple layers because the nuclei are at different levels (e.g. respiratory tract, middle ear)
- SImple/stratified cuboidal (kidney nephrons)
- Glands - single epithelial cells (goblet) or groups forming a duct or gland
7
Q
Where is nervous tissue found?
A
CNS and PNS
8
Q
What is the function of nervous tissue?
A
Transmit information
9
Q
What are the different cell types in nervous tissue?
A
- neuron
- glial cells
- microglial cells - immune function
- astrocyte - support, repair, homeostasis
- ependymal - production and flow of CSF, brain metabolism, waste clearance
10
Q
What are the different types of glial cell?
A
- Oligodendrocytes - produce myelin sheath in CNS
- Schwann cells - form myelin sheath in PNS
11
Q
Where is muscle tissue found?
A
- attached to skeleton
- blood vessels, GI tract, bladder, uterus, reproductive tracts, eye, hair on skin
- myocardial layer of heart wallH
12
Q
What are the functions of muscle tissue?
A
- contraction
- produce body movement
- heat generation (shivering)
13
Q
What are the different types of muscle tissue?
A
- Skeletal muscle
- Smooth muscle
- Cardiac muscle
14
Q
A
15
Q
Describe skeletal muscle
A
- voluntary contraction
- striated appearance
- attached to skeleton
16
Q
Describe smooth muscle
A
- involuntary contraction
- non-striated
- blood vessels, GI tract, bladder, uterus and reproductive tract, eye, hairs on skin
- autonomic control
17
Q
Describe cardiac muscle
A
- involuntary contraction
- heart contractions
- autonomic control