TMJ Flashcards by sophie rosen

Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ)

The joint where the mandible articulates with

the base of the cranium

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what fits into the TMJ

condyle of the mandible

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Squamous part of the temporal bone (3)

MANDIBULAR FOSSA
GLENOID FOSSA
ARTICULAR FOSSA

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what separates the TMJ and cranium?

articular disk

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mediolateral length of condyle

15-20 mm

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anteroposterior width of condyle

8-10 mm

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poles of condyle (2)

medial

lateral

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which of the following muscles of mastication inserts into the articular disc?

lateral pterygoid

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Compound Joint (2)

–more than three bones

–condyle, temporal, articular disc

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Complex Joint (1)

–allows more than one type of movement

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Ginglymoarthrodial Joint (3)

–Ginglymoid joint implies
–Arthrodial joint implies
–Ginglymoarthrodial implies

hinging movement permitted
gliding movement
both hinging and gliding movements

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Synovial Joint (1)

–Contains synovial fluid

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arthrodial joint movement

translational movement

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gingylmus joint movement

rotational

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what muscle is mainly responsible for protrucing the mandible?

lateral pterygoid

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ginglymo-arthrodial joint movement

rotational and translational movement

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which of the following muscles retrudes the mandible

temporalis

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Articular Disc is made of

dense fibrous connective tissue

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shape of Articular Disc (2)

–Concave on the inferior part

–Concavo-convex on the superior part

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Articular Disc innervation is (3)

Non-innervated and avascular

–Poor reparative capacity

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is the articular disc flexible?

somewhat, yes

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Articular Disc is divided into three sections:

• Anterior Zone
• Middle or Intermediate Zone (thinnest)
• Posterior (thickest)
Posterior > Anterior > Middle

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Articular surface of the condyle functions on the — zone of the disc

intermediate

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Disc is divided into

medial and lateral parts

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Disc is thicker ...

medially than laterally

Discal/Collateral Ligaments attach the disc | to the

medial and lateral poles of the | condyle and to the surrounding capsule

Articular Zone:

Most superficial layer. Unlike other synovial joints, this layer is made of dense fibrous connective tissue rather than hyaline cartilage; less susceptible to aging and better ability to repair

Proliferative Zone:

Contains undifferentiated mesenchymal cells and is responsible for proliferation of articular cartilage in response to loads

Fibrocartilaginous Zone:

3D network of collagen | offering resistance to lateral and compressive forces

Calcified Zone:

Made up of chrondrocytes and | chrondoblasts. Active site for bone remodeling.

Synovial Joint • All areas of the joint not involved in articulation (internal surfaces of the cavities) are covered with

specialized endothelial cells that form the synovial lining

Synovial Joint produces

Synovial fluid (provides metabolic requirements and lubrication)

Synovial Fluid acts as a

lubricant

–Boundary lubrication: | –Weeping lubrication:

movement of fluid from one area of the joint cavity to another, prevents friction articular surfaces absorb some of the fluid, increased absorption during function, metabolic exchange

INNERVATION and VASCULARIZATION (2)

``` • Mandibular branches of the trigeminal nerve (auriculotemporal and masseteric nerves) • Superficial temporal artery mainly, which is a branch of the external carotid artery ```

DISC ATTACHMENTS (3)

``` • Posteriorly • Anteriorly • The disc is also attached to the capsular ligament not only anteriorly, but also posteriorly, medially and laterally. ```

Posterior attachments of the disc (2)

* Superior Retrodiscal Lamina | * Inferior Retrodiscal Lamina

Superior Retrodiscal Lamina (4)

– Attaches the articular disc to the tympanic plate – Connective tissue – Lots of elastic fibers – Stretches as joint is moved forward

Inferior Retrodiscal Lamina (2)

– Collagenous attachment (not elastic) | – Attaches the posterior of disc to the posterior margin of the articular surface of the condyle

Anterior attachments of the disc (collagenous) (3)

* Superior head of the lateral pterygoid muscle (tendinous) * Superior anterior attachment * Inferior anterior attachment

Superior anterior attachment (2)

–to the Capsular Ligament | –to the anterior margin of the articular surface of the temporal bone

skipped | Inferior anterior attachment (2)

–to the Capsular ligament | –to anterior margin of the articular surface of the condyle

Superior Joint Cavity | Bordered by the (2)

–glenoid fossa | –superior aspect of the disc

``` Inferior Joint cavity Bordered by (2) ```

–inferior aspect of the disc | –superior aspect of the condyle

Rotation occurs in the --- joint compartment

inferior

Translation in the --- joint compartment

superior

which of the following is a correct statement? | the mediolateral length of the condyle is...

15-20 mm

Functional ligaments (3)

–Collateral/Discal ligaments –Capsular ligament –Temporomandibular ligament

Accessory ligaments (2)

–Sphenomandibular ligament | –Stylomandibular ligament

Capsular Ligament /Joint Capsule

Ligament that surrounds the joint like a curtain

Capsular Ligament /Joint Capsule is attached to the (2)

he base of the skull and the condyle

Capsular Ligament /Joint Capsule is attached at the --- of the articular parts

periphery

Capsular Ligament /Joint Capsule is also attached t the disc (2)

medially and laterally

Capsular Ligament /Joint Capsule retains..

synovial fluid

Temporomandibular Ligament

Thickening of the capsular ligament on the lateral | aspect

skipped | Temporomandibular Ligament extends from

articular tubercle and zygomatic process to the lateral pole and neck of the condyle, and the disk

2 parts of Temporomandibular Ligament

outer oblique | inner horizontal

Function of the Outer Oblique part (2)

–Prevents over rotation of the mandible –Causes translation of the mandible after 20-25 mm opening

Function of the Inner Horizontal part (2)

–Limits posterior movement onto the highly innervated retrodiscal tissue (PAIN) –Prevents excessive overextension of the lateral pterygoid muscle

Sphenomandibular Ligament arises from the

sphenoid bone

Sphenomandibular Ligament inserts onto the

medial surface of the ramus of the mandible called the lingula

Sphenomandibular Ligament function

no known function in limiting mandibular movement

Stylomandibular movement arises from

styloid process

Stylomandibular movement inserts into

posterior border on the ramus of the mandible

Stylomandibular movement function

limits excessive protrusive movement of the mandible

sphenomandibular ligament o: I:

o: angular spine of sphenoid bone I: mandibular lingula

sylomandibular ligament o: I:

o: soloed process I: angle of mandible

the tympanic plate is part of which bone?

temporal

the external auditory meatus is located in which bone?

temporal

TMJ Flashcards

(69 cards)