1
Q
what is this policy??
A
individualistic theory of crime and policy development
2
Q
explain this policy??
A
- based upon the psychological concept of behaviour modification. toke economies utilize operant conditioning to direct behaviour.
- done by rewarding positive behaviour and punishing the bad
- aims to increase admirable behaviour and decrease negative behaviour
- the institutional management draws up a list of behaviours they wish to promote which hopes to control behaviour
- examples = keep cell clean, follow rules etc
- rewards = extra-visiting hours or luxury items
3
Q
how does this policy link to individualistic theories??
A
- policy is a type of behaviour modification policy which are policies that closley link to indiviualistic theories
- belief that the offences have learnt t=certain undesirable behaviours such as criminality. this could be a result if imitating their models
- use rewards to encourage desirable behaviour and punish to dicourage bad behaviour
- aim is for the offender to unlearn their previous undesirable behaviour
4
Q
what are the arguments for the policy working??
A
- deliver token policy programmes is much cheaper that custodial sentences so it helps reduce recidivism then it is cost effective
- policies are effective in increasing positive behaviour in some prisoners.
- attacks pm officers dropped 80% and those inmates by a third in feltham young offenders when given sweets for good behaviour
5
Q
what are the arguments against the policy working??
A
- research shows strategies are not universally effective and tend to only work in the short term
- strategies are only effective in the institution where they are carried out so any gains are not transferred to other settings: once released
criminology - policy
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