Topic 1B Flashcards
(18 cards)
What hardware components are needed to connect a computer to the internet?
network interface card, network medium and interconnecting device.
What is a network interface card?
it is a add on card plugged into a motherboard expansion slot which provides a connection between the computer and the network
What is a network medium
Its a cable that plugs into the NIC and makes the connection between the computer and the rest of the network. It can also be a airwave like in wireless networks
What is the interconnecting device
Its the two devices that communicate on the network without being directly connected to each other.
What are the steps of Network Communication?
- The application tries to access a network resource by sending a message
- Client software formats the message and passes the message on to the network protocol
- Protocol packages the message in a format suitable for the network and sends it to the NIC driver
- NIC driver sends data in the request to the NIC card to be converted into necessary signals to be transmitted on the network.
Server side is reversed when communicating back
What type of addresses does TCP/IP use to identify devices?
Logical address (ip address) and Physical address (MAC address)
What is a local area network? (LAN)
It is a small network, limited to a single collection of machines and connected by one or more interconnecting devices in a small area
What are wide area networks
They use third party communication providers to carry network traffic from one location to another
What are metropolitan area networks (MANs)
They use WAN technologies to interconnect LANs in a specific geographic location
What is internet?
It is a world wide public internetwork. It mostly uses TCP/IP and HTTP protocols to transfer and view information
What is intranet?
It is a private internetwork only available to users connected to the internal network
What is extranet?
Extranet allows limited and controlled access to internal resources by outside users.
What are packets?
Packets are chunks of data sent across the network with a source and destination IP address added to it
What are frames?
Frame is a packet with the source and destination MAC addresses added to it.
What does it mean when a packet is framed?
The packet is “framed” by the MAC addresses on the left side and an error-checking code on the
other
The process of adding IP addresses and MAC addresses to chunks of data is called encapsulation
Information added to the front of the data is called a header and information added to the end is
called a trailer
What is a server?
A server is a computer that, when software is installed on it, provides a network service to client
computers
What is a network model?
A network model defines how and where resources are shared and how access to these resources is
regulated.
What are the types of network models?
Peer to peer and server based networks. Computers on ptp can take both client and server roles. Any user can share the resources on their computer with other users. A server is a computer that, when software is installed on it, provides a network service to client
computers.
