Topic 4 Evolution And Natural Selection Flashcards Preview

Biology > Topic 4 Evolution And Natural Selection > Flashcards

Flashcards in Topic 4 Evolution And Natural Selection Deck (13)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

Evidence for human evolution

A

Stone tools provide evidence for human evolution as it reveals how humans have become more sophisticated to suit their needs

2
Q

What is evolution

A

Gradual change in characteristics of a species over a period of time

3
Q

Two trends in the evolution of humans

A

Increased scull volume,hight and walking upright

4
Q

Explain Darwins theory of evolution

A

Members of a species show variation, some is genetic.
Individuals which have features suited to their environment are more likely to survive and breed
The genes for these beneficial features are passed on to the next generation

5
Q

What is a mutation

A

Mutation is a rapid change in a species especially if the environment changes

6
Q

How can antibiotics be used to cure bacteria

A

Antibiotics can cure bacterial diseases by killing bacteria inside the body

7
Q

Why cant antibiotics be used to kill viruses

A

Because viruses reproduce and live inside cells

8
Q

Why has many strains of bacteria become resistant to antibiotics?

A

This has happened because of natural selection

9
Q

If a bacteria randomly mutates what can happen?

A

This can lead to the bacteria becoming resistant to an antibiotic

10
Q

What are the 5 kingdoms

A

Animals, plants, fungi, bacteria, proctisits

11
Q

What are the reasons for selective breeding

A

Disease resistants, increasing yield, coping with the environment, fast growth, flavours

12
Q

How do you produce a genetically modified organism

A

You do this by introducing DNA from another species

13
Q

How do you genetically engineer insulin producing bacteria

A

Identify insulin gene
Plasmid from bacteria
Restrictive enzyme cuts which results in sticky ends(exposed dna)
Ligase to sick back together
Place into fermenter where bacteria grows quickly. Bacteria produces insulin which you then extract