Topic 8 : The Endocrine System

Question 1

What is the endocrine system composed of

Answer 1

Glands which secrete hormones directly into the blood stream

Question 2

What are hormones

Answer 2

Organic compounds which have specific effects on the body

Question 3

The endocrine system helps to regulate what in the body

Answer 3

Mood, growth and development, tissue function, metabolism, as well as sexual function and reproductive processes

Question 4

The endocrine system is composed of what glands

Answer 4

Endocrine

Question 5

What do endocrine glands do

Answer 5

Secrete hormones directly into the blood stream

Question 6

What is the endocrine system composed of

Answer 6

It’s composed of glands, which secrete hormones directly into the blood stream

Question 7

What are hormones

Answer 7

They are organic compounds which have specific effects on the body

Question 8

What is the endocrine system instrumental in

Answer 8

Regulating mood, growth and development, tissue function, and metabolism, as well as sexual function and reproductive processes

Question 9

The endocrine system is in charge of what

Answer 9

Body processes that happen slowly, such as cell growth

Question 10

What does the nervous system monitor

Answer 10

Faster processes like breathing and body movement

Question 11

Even though the nervous system and endocrine system are separate systems they still what

Answer 11

Often work together to hep the body function work properly

Question 12

What are the foundations of the endocrine system

Answer 12

Hormones and glands

Question 13

What are the body’s chemical messengers that transfer information and instructions from one set of cells to another

Answer 13

Hormones

Question 14

Although many different hormones circulate throughout the bloodstream what cells are programmed to receive and respond to their messages

Answer 14

Only the cells that are genetically programmed to

Question 15

What factors can influence hormone levels

Answer 15

Stress, infection, and changes in the balance of fluid and minerals in blood

Question 16

A gland is a group of cells that do what

Answer 16

Produce and secrete, or gives off, chemicals

Question 17

A gland selects and removes materials from the blood and does what to them

Answer 17

Processes them, and secretes the finished chemical product for use somewhere in the body

Question 18

Glands release their secretions in specific areas ie sweat and salivary glands, which release secretions in the skin or inside of the mouth. These are part of what type of glands

Answer 18

Exocrine glands

Question 19

Endocrine glands release more than 20 what

Answer 19

hormones directly into the bloodstream where they can be transported to cells in other parts of the body

Question 20

What are the major glands that make up the human endocrine system

Answer 20

Hypothalamus
Pituitary
Thyroid
Parathyroids
Adrenal
Pineal body
Reproductive glands (ovaries and testes

Question 21

The pancreas is part of the endocrine system but is also associated with what other system

Answer 21

The digestive system because it also produces and secretes digestive enzymes

Question 22

What are some non-endocrine organs that also produce and secrete hormones

Answer 22

Brain
Heart
Lungs
Kidneys
Liver
Thymus
Skin
Placenta

Question 23

There is a collection of specialised cells that is located in the lower central part of the brain which is the primary link between the endocrine and nervous system, what is this called

Answer 23

Hypothalamus

Question 24

Nerve cells in the hypothalamus control the pituitary gland by producing what

Answer 24

Chemicals that either stimulate or suppress hormone secretions from the pituitary

Question 25

What gland lies at the base of the brain just beneath the hypothalmus

Answer 25

Pituitary

Question 26

What is the pituitary gland also concerned with

Answer 26

Body metabolic rate, growth, fertility and blood pressure

Question 27

What gland is no bigger than a pea, but considered the most important part of the endocrine system

Answer 27

Pituitary

Question 28

What gland is often called the “master gland” because it makes hormones that control several other endocrine glands

Answer 28

Pituitary

Question 29

What factors can influence the production and secretion of pituitary hormones

Answer 29

Emotions and seasonal changes

Question 30

When the pituitary hormones are influenced by factors such as emotions and seasonal changes, what needs to be accomplished

Answer 30

The hypothalamus relays information sensed by the brain (such as environmental temperature, light exposure patterns, and feelings) to the pituitary

Question 31

What two parts are the pituitary glands divided into

Answer 31

Anterior lobe and posterior lobe

Question 32

The anterior lobe regulates the activity of what glands

Answer 32

Thyroid, adrenals, and reproductive glands

Question 33

What are some of the hormones produced by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland

Answer 33

Growth hormone, prolactin, thyrotropin and corticotropin

Question 34

What hormone stimulates the growth of bone and other body tissues and plays a role in the body’s handling of nutrients and minerals

Answer 34

Growth hormone

Question 35

What hormone activates milk production in women who are breastfeeding

Answer 35

Prolactin

Question 36

What stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones

Answer 36

Thyrotropin

Question 37

What hormone stimulates the adrenal gland to produce certain hormones

Answer 37

Corticotropin

Question 38

The pituitary gland also secretes what chemicals that act on the nervous system to reduce sensitivity to pain

Answer 38

Endorphins

Question 39

Hormones are also secreted to signal the ovaries and testes to make sex hormones from what gland

Answer 39

The pituitary

Question 40

What gland controls ovulation and the menstrual cycle in women

Answer 40

Pituitary gland

Question 41

What part of the pituitary gland releases a hormone which helps control body water balance through its effect on the kidneys and urine output

Answer 41

Posterior lobe

Question 42

In the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland what hormone triggers the contractions of the uterus that occur during labour

Answer 42

Oxytocin

Question 43

What gland is situated at the front and sides of the neck that concerns growth

Answer 43

Thyroid gland

Question 44

What glands lie between the posterior borders of the lobes of the thyroid gland that are concerned with the distribution and metabolism of calcium and phosporous

Answer 44

Parathyoid glands

Question 45

What glands lie anterior and superior to each kidney, and help regulate mineral concentrations in the body fluids, help deal with stress, produce sex hormones, which affect the development of male and female reproductive organs, and stimulate the “flight or fight” mechanism

Answer 45

Adrenal glands

Question 46

What glands are responsible for the production of ova in the female and sperm in the male

Answer 46

Gonads

Question 47

What gland lies behind the stomach, and influences glucose metabolism

Answer 47

Pancreas

Question 48

What gland lies between the lungs over the heart whose functions are not clear

Answer 48

Thymus gland

Question 49

Which gland lies behind the third ventricle of the brain but whose functions are not clear

Answer 49

The pineal body