Toxicology Flashcards
(19 cards)
What is the antidote to paracetamol overdose?
N-acetylcysteine
What do we give in cocaine toxicity?
benzodiazepines
What do we give in aspirin overdose?
Sodium bicarbonate
What is the treatment for opioid toxicity?
Naloxone
What do we give in ethanol overdose?
Thiamine and dextrose
What do we give in methanol overdose?
Ethanol
What is the treatment of beta blocker overdose?
Glucagon and high dose insulin
What do we give in TCA overdose?
Sodium bicarbonate
What do we use in SSRI overdose?
Benzodiazepines
What do we use in calcium channel blocker overdose?
Calcium gluconate and atropine
How is cyanide lethal?
Inhibits cytochrome oxidase and stops cellular respiration
What are the signs of cyanide poisoning?
Dizziness Headache Palpitations SoB Drowsy
Mx of cyanide poisoning
Oxygen
ECG monitoring
Remove contaminated clothes and wash skin
Activated charcoal or gastric lavage
Where does carbon monoxide come from?
Produced by incomplete combustion
Car exhausts
Fires
Faulty gas heaters
What are the features of carbon monoxide poisoning?
Early - headache, malaise, N+V
Severe - hyperventilation, hypotension, increased tone and reflexes, convulsions
Mx of CO poisoning
A-E Remove exposure Oxygen ECG monitoring and ABG Check COHb levels Mannitol if cerebral oedema
Features of organophosphate poisoning
Restlessness Insomnia Tiredness N+V Abdominal colic Diarrhoea Sweating Hypersalivation Miosis
How are organophosphates poisonous?
They inhibit cholinesterases and therefore increased ACh in the NMJ
Management of near drowning
A-E Remove fluid/debris by suction Remove wet/cold clothing Start rewarding Abx
