UH72 Limits Flashcards
1
Q
Maximum approved gross mass for flight ?
A
7905 lbs / 3585 kg
2
Q
Vne for OEI operation
(under all conditions)
A
110 KIAS
3
Q
Vne for steady autorotation
(under all conditions)
A
90 KIAS
4
Q
Min. airspeed for autorotations
A
60 KIAS
5
Q
Target airspeed for practice autorotatons
A
75 KIAS
6
Q
Maximum ground sloping to the left ?
A
11*
7
Q
Maximum ground sloping to the right ?
A
6*
8
Q
Maximum ground sloping up ?
A
8*
9
Q
Maximum ground sloping down ?
A
8*
10
Q
Name the prohibited maneuvers
A
- Aerobatics
- Intentional full autorotation landings
- Flight into icing conditions
11
Q
The rotor brake shall not be applied until ….?
A
Both engines are shut down and rotor RPM has dropped below 50%
12
Q
At which % does the ROTOR RPM warning show:
1) Light steady + low-pitch beeping tone
2) Light flashing + warning gong
3) Light flashing + high pitch constant tone
A
1) 95%
2) 106%
3) 110%
13
Q
Maximum forward airspeed with hinged doors in open spoiler position and sliding doors closed
A
100 KIAS or Vne
Whichever is less
14
Q
Minimum height for hands-off and feet-off operation during T/O and approach
( ft AGL - Autopilot )
A
200 ft AGL
15
Q
Minimum height for hands-off and feet-off operation in cases other than T/O and approach
( ft AGL )
( Autopilot )
A
500 ft AGL
16
Q
What color is the warning light and what does it indicate ?
A
Red
A hazard which may require immediate corrective action
17
Q
What color is the caution light and what does it indicate ?
A
Yellow
The possible need for future corrective action
18
Q
Specify minimum ENG oil pressure ?
start of red range
A
1.3 bar
19
Q
Specify caution range - ENG oil pressure ?
A
1.3 - 1.5 bar
20
Q
Specify range for “continuous operation” - ENG oil pressure
normal range
A
1.5 bar - 5.0 bar
21
Q
Specify maximum continuous ENG oil pressure
A
5.0 bar
22
Q
When can you exceed 5.0 bar ENG oil pressure ?
A
Transient operation during start cycle and warm up at ground idle only
23
Q
Specify minimum main transmission oil pressure
A
1.0 bar
24
Q
Specify caution range - Main transmission oil pressure
A
1.0 - 1.5 bar
25
Specify range for "continuous operation" - Main transmission oil pressure
1.5 - 5.0 bar
26
Specify maximum main transmission oil pressure
5.0 bar
27
Specify range for "continuous operation" main transmission oil temperature
| celcius
-10 to 105 ºC
28
Specify maximum main transmission oil temperature
| celcius
105 ºC
29
Why does the ENG starter have time limits ?
To prevent overheating damage of the starter
30
Specify a starter energize time limit + time between cycles
| onboard battery
30 sec ON
60 sec OFF
30 sec ON
60 sec OFF
30 sec ON
30 minutes OFF
31
Specify a starter energize time limit + time between cycles
| External power
20 sec ON
60 sec OFF
20 sec ON
60 sec OFF
20 sec ON
30 minutes OFF
32
Define: Between which two stages does the "starter energize time" elapse ?
Initiation of the starter to the ignition in the turbine ( !! New !! Ignition is now 320 degrees TOT )
33
Specify maximum continuous load per generator
200 A
34
Total maximum continuous load ( power supply through both generators )
360 A
35
Minimum approved gross weight for flight
1750 Kg (3859 lbs)
36
Maximum approved gross weight for flight
3585 Kg (7905 lbs)
37
Specify max allowed floor loading
600 kg / m2
(123 lbs / sq. ft. )
38
Specify tie-down ring limits
| Load pr. tie-down ring
70 kg
(154 lbs)
39
Specify airspeed limits for
Yellow arc
Green arc
red radial
Red cross-hatched radial
Yellow: 0 - 30 kt
Green: 30 - 150 kt
Red radial: 150 kt
Red cross-hatched radial: 90 kt
| The red cross-hatched radial is Vne for power off - Autorotation
40
Specify Maximum airspeed for rearward flight
*with hinged doors in open spoiler position and sliding doors closed, open or removed*
15 Kts
41
Specify maximum crosswind speed for flights
*with open, half open or removed doors*
30 Kts
42
What is the minimum airspeed during opening or closing of the forward hinge door ? (Maximum?🤔)
30 KIAS
43
Specify the rule in regard to the helicopter doors, when flying IMC
It is prohibited to fly IMC with opened/removed doors
44
Specify minimum airspeed with IAS mode engaged
## Footnote
AFCS - Automatic flight control system
30 kts
45
# AFCS NOTE
At what airspeed - in ALT mode - shall the airspeed indicator be monitored more closely ?
## Footnote
ALT mode : altitude capture mode
80 Kts
46
Specify maximum operating altitude
18.000 ft
| DA ?
47
Minimum air temperature
-With cold weather kid
-Without cold weater kid
With: -45º C
Without: -30º C
48
Maximum air temperature
50º C
49
What is maximum operating time on ground if OAT > +35º C
30 min
50
What is maximum windspeed for starting and stopping rotor ?
50 kts
51
# Hover IGE
What is maximum windspeed for IGE hover ( to ensure controllability )
ALT < 7000 ft
ALT > 7000 ft
ALT < 7000 ft = 30 kts
ALT > 7000 ft = 17 kts
52
When is Nro considered low / high ?
Low = 95%
High = 106% +
53
When will the "master caution" illuminate ?
What is the procedure ?
With every caution on the CAD
Procedure:
- Check and do procedures
- Reset
54
What is the max remaining operating time with "AVION OVHT" caution illuminated ?
30 min
55
If "AVION OVHT" caution comes on what is airspeed procedure ?
As fast as possible to inhance cooling
56
When should you abort start ?
- No ignition within 15 seconds
- TOT raises above limits
- No positive engine or transmission oil pressure indications upon reaching ground idle conditions (M)
- N2 RPM and rotor RPM needles aren't matched after reaching stabilized ground idle conditions (M)
## Footnote
```
TOT -> (If start is aborted but TOT wasn't exceeded, wait 15 sec after N1 RPM has returned to zero before re-starting)
M = Requires maintenance action
Ground idle = 70% +/- 2%
```
57
Specify airspeed VNE for:
GW > 3000kg/6615lbs
GW < 3000 kg/6615 lbs
GW = +3000 kg / 6615 lbs
**145 kts**
GW = -3000 kg / 6615 lbs
**150 kts**
58
Specify airspeed limit when:
A/C nose changes from left to right ?
| And why does this limit excist ?
40 Kts
| Tail rotor malfunction
59
Specify airspeed limit:
OEI fly away
45 kts
60
Above which airspeed should the pilot avoid steep turns ?
45 kts (close to Ground? + right turns only?))
61
**Name the N2 engine limits**
Continuous range
Minimum
Maximum
Overspeed Transient *+ time*
Underspeed transiet *+ time*
**Continuous range (green arc)**
96-104 %
**Minimum / Maximum (red lines)**
96/104 %
**Overspeed Transient (red dot)**
106 % + 12 sec (ENG TQ > 2x30%) / 5 min (ENG TQ < 2x30%)
**Underspeed transiet**
85 % + 20 sec
62
*On the triple tach:* what does the inner & outer scale show ?
Inner: Rotor RPM limits
Outer: N2 ENG RPM limits
63
What's the "rotor RPM limits" for power on
Same as for N2 limits
64
What's the "rotor RPM limits" for power off
80 -104 % (GM ≤ 2000 kg / 4410 lbs ) continuos
85 - 104 % (GM > 2000 kg / 4410 lbs ) continuos
104 % Maximum continuous (red line)
106 % 5 min if both TQ below 30%
110 % transient 12 sec (red dot)
65
What does Nro warning light + audio refer to ?
Triple tach - Rotor RPM
| *not N2 Engine RPM*
66
What's the emergency procedure for "ROTOR RPM" warning light ?
1. Rotor RPM indicator - Check
2. Collective lever - Adjust as necessary to maintaion Nro within normal range
67
What is N2 over-speed caution ?
When N2 reaches 123.1% automatic engine shutdown may occur (engine overspeed trip)
68
Can we fly with bleed air heating defective ?
Yes but minimum OAT must be +10 degrees celcius
69
Aircraft minimum (w/wo equipment) and maximum temperature
min: w: -45º wo: -30º
Max: ISA + 35º
70
Can we use OEI power ratings in training ?
No - only MCP
71
Why can N1 speed limits change ?
Because they are a function of PA + OAT
72
How is the engine protected against a continuous N1 overspeed / over TOT ?
Limiting device in the fuel system
it's set above the 2.5 min power limits at approx. 104.4% N1
`*TOT is not protected during engine start* `
73
*Red warning light*
1. Indication in cockpit ?
2. Audio signal ?
3. Requires ?
1. Indicated in warning panel
2. With gong or dedicated audio signal
3. Immediate corrective action
74
*Caution*
1. Indication in cockpit ?
2. Audio signal ?
3. Requires ?
1. CAD + 2 Flashing master cautions
2. No audio signals
3. Do not require immediate action, but possible future action
75
When does the circular MM gauge appear ?
Nr > 70%
76
What happens when MM is higher than 77% ?
MM exceed caution come on and will not disappear until power off
77
Hover turns, maximum degrees/second
GM> 3200 kg / 7055 lbs
GM< 3200 kg / 7055 lbs
GM > 3200 = 30º/s
GM < 3200 = 45º/s
78
ENG oil temperature limits
1. Minimum PWR application
2. Maximum operating
1. -10º
2. 115º
79
When can you exceed 5.0 bar oil pressure ?
Transient operation durting start cycle and warm up at ground idle only
80
When is it acceptable for XMSN OIL PRESS to be illuminated ?
Range: 1-1.4 bar
during pressure build up phase
81
MAX TQ AEO
71-88% (5 min)
88-97% (12 sec)
82
How often does the warning gong sound when activated ?
Every 3 seconds
83
What rotor speed is maintained by VARTOMS ?
Vartoms automatically control rotor speed:
**1. Airspeed < 55 kts** RPM will be controlled between 101-103.5%
**2. Airspeed > 55 kts** RPM will be controlled between 96.5-102%
84
When will VARTOMS return to NORM mode if in MAN mode ?
When TQ split is < 15%
85
What causes VARTOMS to go to MAN mode
1. Engine failure
2. Torque split > 15 %
86
When will "ENG SPLIT" caution illuminate on CAD ?
If N1 indicators shows a difference of 10%
87
**MM limits**
normal range
caution range
maximum
transient
**normal range** Less than 50%
**caution range** 50 - 64 %
**maximum** 64 %
**transient** 64-77% 25 sec -> 77-90% 7 sec *(accumulative log book times)*
88
**MM**
When will yellow circle expand and white circle appear ?
**Yellow expand:** above 50%
**White appear:** above 64%
89
**MM**
When will "Limit" & "Exceed" light appear ?
Limit: above 64 %
Exceed: above 77%
90
Wind limitation for hovering DA<7000' and why ?
30 kts hover IGE - for controllability
91
Doors open hover - MAX x-wind speed ?
30 kts
92
What are a/s limits for high power setting
**AEO** max 65 kts for pwr > 8.5 FLI
**OEI** max 65 kts for pwr > 12 FLI
93
GOV over/underspeed ETL shall be entered no lower than ____
100 ft
94
Autorotation
(Not EP But talk through)
Reduce collective to maintain Nro (101)
Airspeed 75 kts
200 (300 Rucker ) ft = steady State factors
100 ft = flare attitude 15-20 degrees
8-12 ft = flare reduce to 7 degrees
Cushion
BAT MSTR OFF
95
Can we reset CB ?
In flight not unless doing so is consistent with explicit procedures - Never reset twice
96
"OEI flight conditions - Establish"
**Affected ENG tends to zero (no pwr)**
1. Maintain engine within safe OEI limits - **12 FLI or below**
2. Maintain a/c within safe OEI limits - **Airspeed below 110 kts (65 kts if FLI>12)**
NOTE: if climbing is necessary Vy 65 / Vx 45
97
"OEI flight conditions - Establish"
**Affected ENG still delivers pwr**
Establish steady flight, does situation allow for OEI ? = affected eng to idle and keep normal in OEI limits (max 12 FLI)
1. ENG pwr sufficient for OEI flight = Continue procedure, Land as soon as practicable
2. ENG pwr not sufficient for OEI flight = Land ASAP
```
NOTE: If necessary escape danger with both engines
**OEI flight rule of thumb: Sum of individual TQ is lower than OEI limits**
```
98
FADEC-F (RAASH)
Fly aircraft
(Rotor, Attitude, altitude, speed, heading)
Alert crew
Diagnose problem
Execute procedure
Communicate externally
Fly the aircraft
99
What voltage on the VEMD would require EPU for starting ?
Below 23.5 Volt
100
How are messages displayed on the CAD
Left side = Left power plant
Right side = Right power plant
Middle = miscellaneous + Non redundant systems
101
VARTOMS will automatically become active when both engines reach ____ ?
> 20 % TQ
102
When should rotor RPM light go off when starting ?
Needle passes through 95%
103
When will eng fail ltg and gong come on ?
N1 speed below 50 %
104
# **`Shutdown`**
When turning twist grips off N1 should travel from 30% - 0% in ____ - ____ seconds
Min 30 seconds - 40 seconds
105
If OAT is above 35ºC - What should you be aware of / do as the pilot ?
1. Remove oil cooler block plate
2. Lower cockpit temp by ventilation
3. Max time on ground 30 min
106
What limit uses 2000kg GW as divider ?
PWR off Nro limits
107
What limit(s) uses 3000kg GW as divider ?
Airspeed - Vne
Lateral Center of gravity
108
What limit uses 7000' DA as divider ?
IGE hover crosswind limit
109
ENG oil temp : Minimum for starting + minimum for power application
minimum starting: -45ºC
maximum PWR application: -10ºC
110
What's minimum battery capacity ?
27 Ah
111
**FUEL**
Total usable & unusable
1530 lbs usable
20.7 lbs unusable
112
**FUEL**
Main tank usable & unusable
1308 lbs usable
7.5 lbs unusable
113
How much usable fuel does each supplytank have ?
**Left/right**
Left: 104 lbs
Right: 118 lbs
114
How much hydraulic fluid does system 1/2 hold ?
**System 1** : 1 liter
**System 2** : 1.2 liter
115
Why is the right sloping 6º ?
**Because the system already is riged to compensate for translating tendency**. When hovering with cyclic displaced to the left (right hover slope) the rotors are already tilted left and now becomes even more tilted
| `Left crosswind decreases the 6º even further`
116
What does the prohibited maneuver "Aerobatic" refer to ?
| `Pitch and roll angle`
No pitch angles higher than **30º**
No roll angles higher than **60º**
117
Hovering turns limitations
**< 3200kg** MAX 45º/sec
**> 3200kg** MAX 30º/sec
118
What limit uses 3200kg GW as divider ?
Hovering turns
119
When should the PPC be updated ?
**Increase** 5ºC + 500' PA + 200 lbs
120
How much TQ can acceptably be displayed on the FLI even though engines has stopped ?
3 % TQ
| `Due to TQ callibrations`
121
How does vartoms maintain Nro (when in norm mode)
**> 55 kts** = 96.5 - 102
**< 55 kts** = 101-103.5
122
What two things does VARTOMS provide ?
1. Adjust rotor speed to optimum range
2. Perform TQ matching of both engines
123
When will low fuel illuminate ?
tank level below 24 kg / 53 lbs
124
What are airspeed limitations for high power setting ?
**65 KIAS**
AEO: +**8.5** FLI
OEI: +**12** FLI
125
OEI max airspeeds
| PLURAL
110 kts
65 kts *if TQ>12 FLI*
126
What is DC system / Generator - normal operation indications ?
**DC** 28.5 ± 0.3 volt
**Generator** 0-200 Amps
127
If MM ≤ ____ % the white dot is in the center position
10%
128
# MM
The outer white ring is displayed when ?
The white dot reaches the red circle (64%MM)
129
# MM
The white line from the center to the dot is displayed when?
The white dot is in the yellow range (50%mm) or above
130
# MM
When will the gong (audiotone) apear ?
When MM reaches 64%
| "LIMIT" will be displayed
131
Which limit uses 3600 DA as a divider ?
Rotorspeed
> eller = 3600 DA = 101 Nro
< 3600 DA. = 101.7 Nro
