Unit 1 cellular transport

Question 1

What is the purpose of cellular transport?

Answer 1

-homeostasis ( balance within cell)
waste goes out, nutraients go in

Question 2

Describe the types of transport

Passive
1. Diffusion:
2. facilitated diffusion:
3. osmosis:

Active
1. protein pumps:
2. endocytosis:
3. exocytosis:

Answer 2

Passive: No energy [high] –> [low]

1. Diffusion: small, no charge molecules
2. facilitated diffusion: transportation proteins + big molecules
   -channel proteins
   -carrier proteins
3. osmosis: water

Active: Energy [low] –> [high]
1. protein pumps: transportation proteins
1.1: Primary active transport:ATP
-clothes pins
1.2: secondary active transport: electrochemical gradient
-revolving door

2. endocytosis: takes material into cell
   2.1. Phagocytosis: takes solids
   2.2. Pinocyosis: takes liquid
   2.3. receptor-mediated: + receptors
3. exocytosis: takes material out of cell

Question 3

Whats the differnces between primary active transport vs secondary active transport?

Answer 3

Primary:
-uses transport protiens
-uses ATP
-clothes pins
ex. sodium + potassium pump
3 sodium out
2 possum in

secondary:
-uses transport proteins
-uses electrochemical gradient
-revolving door
ex. soduim + glucose pump
2 sodium out
1 glucose in

Question 4

IMPORTANT

What is the difference between
1. Phagocytosis:
2. Pinocyosis:
3. receptor-mediated:

Answer 4

all take in materials into cell endocytosis

1. Phagocytosis:
   -solids
   -vacole
   -membrane pertrudes out into pseudopods
2. Pinocyosis:
   - liquid
   -vesical
   -membrane sinks in then surrounds
   -like filling a water balloon
3. receptor-mediated:
   -receptors bind to vesicle

Question 5

Explain the osmosis pressures

1. Isotonic solution:
2. Hypotonic solution:
3. Hypertonic solution:

Answer 5

Osmosis: movement of water, passive

1. Isotonic solution:
   concentration in and out of the cell is balanced
   -Dynamic equilibrium
2. Hypotonic solution:
   Concentration out < concentration in
   -water rushes in = cell burst
   -plants: good for structure
   -animals: hemolysis
3. Hypertonic solution:
   concentration out > concentration in
   -water rushes out = cell shrivels up
   -plants: plasmolysis
   -animal: creation

Question 6

whats the difference between symport vs antiports?

Answer 6

symports:
-secondary active transport
-1 way transportation protein

antiports:
–secondary active transport
-2 way transportation protein

Question 7

1. Protein channels
2. Carrier protiens
3. chlesteral

Answer 7

1. Protein channel:
   -allows large molecules to enter cell
2. Carrier proteins: conformational change
3. -allows molecule sin/out of cell

Cholesterol:
-structur/fuilidity