UNIT 2 - MYTHOLOGY Flashcards
(41 cards)
What are the first six steps of the Hero’s Journey?
- The Ordinary World
- The Call to Adventure
- Refusal of the Call
- Relationship with the Mentor
- Crossing the 1ST Threshold
- Test/Allies/Enemies
What are the next 6 steps of the Hero’s Journey?
- Approach to the Innermost Cave
- The Supreme Ordeal
- Reward
- The Road Back
- Resurrection
- Return with the Elixir
What are satyrs?
These creatures are human from the waist up, goat from the waist down.
- Inhabit wild places
- Companions of Dionysus
- Pan = satyr and is the God of wild, shepherds and flocks, nature of mountain wilds, rustic music and impromptus, and companion of the nymphs.
Who are the Fates (Fata/Parcae)?
These were three sister goddesses that appeared in Greek and Roman mythology and were believed to have “spun out” a child’s destiny at birth.
- Aspects of a person’s life were determined by them (when life began, when it ended, and everything in between)
- Immortal Gods were afraid of them (supposedly)
Who is Cerberus?
The three-headed dog who guards the
gates of the Underworld.
- permits new spirits to enter the world of the
dead, but will not allow any to leave
- Son of monster Echidna
Who is Charon?
The ferryman of the dead.
Who is Medusa?
She was a maiden who had an affair with Poseidon in the temple of Athena.
- Because of this, Athena turned her into a monster
- Hair became live snakes and her gaze turned people to stone
Who is Arachne?
A mortal weaver who bragged about being the best weaver in the world. This angered Athena.
- She lost a weaving challenge with Athena
- Punishment was to not weave or touch a loom again
- She said she would rather die, so Athena pitied her and turned her into a spider
How many Olympians are there?
12 OLYMPIANS
- Zeus (Jupiter)
- Hera (Juno)
- Poseidon (Neptune)
- Athena (Minerva)
- Ares (Mars)
- Apollo
- Artemis (Diana)
- Hephaestus (Vulcan)
- Hermes (Mercury)
- Dionysus (Bacchus)
- Demeter (Ceres)
- Aphrodite (Venus)
(MINOR GODS) Who is Eros and Psyche?
Eros = God of Love, aka CUPID
- son of Aphrodite and Ares
- portrayed shooting arrows at mortals that make them fall in love
Psyche = was the most beautiful woman in the world
- Eros fell in love with her
- Made goddess of the soul by Zeus
(MINOR GODS) Who is Nemesis?
As the goddess of revenge, she helped punish those who had wronged others. Helped the universe stay balanced.
(MINOR GODS) Who is Nike?
The winged goddess of victory. She ran and flew very fast.
(MINOR GODS) Who are the Muses?
9 daughters of Zeus and the Titan Mnemosyne (Goddess of Memory).
- They inspired mortals to create art, literature, and music.
- They liked to hang out with Apollo and sing and dance at celebrations for the gods.
(HEROES) Who is Achilles?
Son of a mortal king and a sea nymph,
- mother dipped him into River Styx for invincibility
- Got shot by an arrow in Trojan war in his heel, later died
(HEROES) Who is Hercules?
Son of Zeus and a mortal woman named Alcmene.
- Was given courage, strength, kindness, bravery and compassion
- Known for the 12 Labours of Heracles
(HEROES) Who is Perseus?
The grandson of the King of Acrisius of Argos..
- Him and his mother Danae were locked in a box and thrown in the ocean, later saved by Zeus.
- Perseus agreed to bring the King (who wanted to marry his mom) the head of Medusa in exchange for leaving his mother alone
- Athena (gave shield) and Hermes (gave sword) helped Perseus
- He killed Medusa by cutting it off and gave it as a gift to Athena, who then put it on her shield
Who are Gaia and Uranus?
They are the ORIGINAL BEINGS.
- Gaia (Mother Earth) and Uranus (The Sky) appeared from chaos
- They married each other and had 12 kids, known as the Titans
Who is Cronos (Saturn)?
He is the LORD of the Titans, and youngest and bravest son of Uranus and Gaia.
- He sliced his father up with a scythe
- He was scared of his children doing the same as he did, so he ate them as soon as they were born
- Tricked by Zeus
- Eventually cast into Tartarus
Who are the 4 Titans?
Coeus + Phoebe, Cronos + Rhea
Who is Rhea (Opis)?
She is the wife of Cronos and mother to the first six gods: Zeus, Poseidon, Hades, Hera, Demeter and Hestia.
- Told by Gaia to hide Zeus (child #6) on the island of Crete
- Goddess of female fertility, motherhood, and generation
- Symbols are the turret crown and the
cymbal
Who is Zeus (Jupiter)?
King of all Gods, Ruler of humans and Chief of Mount Olympus
- Father died and he took possession of all the heavens
Powers: Shapeshifting and control over the skies and weather
Weapons: the lightning bolt (main)
Who is Hera (Juno)?
GODDESS OF MARRIAGE AND MOTHERHOOD, and the protector of all women.
- Wife of Zeus (and his sister)
- Jealous of the attention Zeus gives to other women
- Zeus and Hera = first formal marriage ever
Powers: She can morph humans into anything or anyone.
Who is Poseidon (Neptune)?
GOD OF THE SEAS
- Also God of Earthquakes
- SECOND most powerful god
- He commanded all the waters and all the creatures in them
Powers: able to control the water and dry up rivers or create tidal waves. Caused shipwrecks.
Weapons: The trident, a three-pronged spear, which he uses to stir up terrible storms at sea.
Who is Hades (Pluto)?
GOD OF DEATH (but not death itself)
- Ruler of the underworld
- Also God of Wealth because gold and other precious minerals come from underground
- Guards pit of Tartarus
- His servants include: three Furies, Charon the ferryman of the dead, and the three-headed dog Cerberus.
