Unit 4

Question 1

What is language used for?

Answer 1

• share complex ideas
• it is open ended
• researches believe only humans have language

Question 2

What is communication used for?

Answer 2

• only to correspond to a specific number of messages
• can’t be combined into more complex ideas

Question 3

Anthropological linguist

Answer 3

• used to study the language from a evolutionary perspective

Question 4

evolution of language

Answer 4

• Great Apes had GESTURES
• only HOMO SAPIENS had all the requirements

Question 5

what are the requirements to achieve speech?

Answer 5

• Larynx
• Broca area
• Brain growth

Question 6

What is the BROCA AREA?

Answer 6

• controls speech
• located in the frontal lobe

Question 7

REPETITION (body language)

Answer 7

• repeating the meaning of the verbal communication
• assisting the receiver by reinforcing the words of the sender
• nodding yes to emphasize agreement

Question 8

CONTRADITCTION (body language)

Answer 8

• may indicate you are not telling the truth
• saying “yes” but shaking head in disagreement

Question 9

SUBSTITUTION (body language)

Answer 9

• nonverbal
• used to replace communication altogether

pointing at an object to show where it is

Question 10

COMPLEMENTING (body language)

Answer 10

• used in COMBINATION with a PORTION of a message to emphaize the meaning

Question 11

ACCENTING (body language)

Answer 11

• emphasize a word or a part of message NONVERBAL

Question 12

miscommunication in JAPAN

Answer 12

• it is considered RUDE to look someone in the eyes

Question 13

miscommunication in PARAGUAY

Answer 13

• winking is done as a sign of ROMANTIC interest

Question 14

miscommunication in INDIA

Answer 14

• showing your SHOES or feet can OFFEND people.

Question 15

miscommunication in IRAN

Answer 15

• thumbs up is considered rude, in canada it means good work.

Question 16

define APHASIA

Answer 16

• brain injury that affects the ability to say WORDS

Question 17

WERNICKE’S AREA

Answer 17

lobe of the brain that impacts our ability to UNDERSTAND speech

Question 18

RECEPTIVE language

Answer 18

the ability to understand what is SAID

Question 19

PRODUCTIVE language

Answer 19

the ability to SAY/CREATE words

Question 20

BABBLING

Answer 20

series of meaningless sounds

Question 21

TELEGRAPHIC SENTENCES

Answer 21

words that are not important are LEFT OUT (I saw cat)

Question 22

OVERGENERALIZATION

Answer 22

when a rule of speech is applied to all circumstances (I runned)

Question 23

PRINCIPLES AND PARAMETERS

Answer 23

all languages share certain grammatical principles

Question 24

RECURSION

Answer 24

only SHARED PRINCIPLE.
was later disproven after founding language called Piraha.

Question 25

ACTIVE language:

Answer 25

speaking & writing

Question 26

PASSIVE language:

Answer 26

listening & reading

Question 27

COMPOUND BILINGUAL:

Answer 27

learning two languages SIMULTANEOUSLY, with a single set of concepts as person begins two process the world around them

Question 28

COORDINATE BILINGUAL:

Answer 28

learning one in SCHOOL, while continuing to speak the other at HOME

Question 29

SUBORDINATE BILINGUAL:

Answer 29

learning a secondary language FILTERING through a primary one.

Question 30

how many hemispheres do CHILDREN vs ADULTS use when learning a second language

Answer 30

- children TWO - adults PREDOMINANTLY ONE

Question 31

BENEFITS OF BILINGUALISM

Answer 31

- higher density of gray matter - delays onset diseases - brain is more healthy, complex, actively engaged

Question 32

ANDROCENTRIC LANGUAGE

Answer 32

use of masculine to refer to ALL people

Question 33

AAVE defined by linguists:

Answer 33

not a dialect of english, but its OWN LANGUAGE.

Question 34

AAVE defined by politicians

Answer 34

thought AAVE would be taught INSTEAD of standard english in ALL schools.

Question 35

how is it USED in oakland

Answer 35

AAVE is the basis to teach STANDARD ENGLISH, to meet students where they are.