Unit 4

Question 1

what type of CA occurs in the liver

Answer 1

primary

secondary

Question 2

which type of liver cancer is more common and why

Answer 2

secondary dt livers inc size, perf, portal drainage

Question 3

2 types of primary liver ca

Answer 3

hepatocellular carcinoma

cholangiocarcinoma

Question 4

how much of primary liver ca does hepatocellular carcinoma make up

Answer 4

90%

Question 5

where does hepatocellular carcinoma originate

Answer 5

hepatocytes

Question 6

2 main ets of hepatocellular carcinoma

Answer 6

chronic liver disease

environmental toxins

Question 7

why may chronic liver disease predispose you to hepatocellular carcinoma

Answer 7

viruses in host cell may alter cell dna -> ca

Question 8

mnfts of hepatocellular carcinoma

Answer 8

insidious onset
similar mnfts to preceeding liver disease
mnfts are often masked if CLD is present

Question 9

what is the prognosis for hepatocelluar carcinoma

Answer 9

poor, cancer is usually well progressed when dx

Question 10

if hepatocellular carcinoma is detected early, what is the tx

Answer 10

partial hepatectomy

Question 11

tx for late dx hepatocellular carcinoma

Answer 11

palliatve care, chemo, radiation

Question 12

what is another class of hepatocellular carcinoma

Answer 12

hepatic adenoma

Question 13

which population has inc risk for hepatic adenoma

Answer 13

inc in 20-30 yo females on BCP

Question 14

where does hepatic adenoma arise from

Answer 14

own hepatocytes and blood supply

Question 15

risk of hepatic adenoma

Answer 15

can ruputre -> hemmor

Question 16

tx for hepatic adenoma

Answer 16

stop BCP and dec H that promotes growth

Question 17

whats the prognosis for hepatic adenoma

Answer 17

good

Question 18

where does cholangiocarcinoma originate

Answer 18

bile duct and epithelial tissue

Question 19

who has inc predispostion for cholangiocarcinoma

Answer 19

pts with chronic duct inflm

Question 20

where are secondary tumors from

Answer 20

identified primary malignancy in colon, lung, breast

Question 21

mnfts of secondary tumors in liver

Answer 21

non spec, those of CLD (jaundice, unexplained wt loss, anorexia, fever, hepatomegaly)

Question 22

whats important about the non spec mnfts of secondary tumors in liver

Answer 22

fever in absense of infc

unexplained weight loss

Question 23

whats the prognosis for 2nd growth in liver

Answer 23

poor, 3-6 months to live

Question 24

tx for secondary tumor growth in liver

Answer 24

palliative care, sx, support

Question 25

who has inc risk for pancreatic ca

Answer 25

men, smoker, black people

Question 26

what is the mortality rate for pancreatic ca

Answer 26

90% in first year

Question 27

what type of cancer makes up 90% of pancreatic ca cases

Answer 27

adenoma (duct glandular epithelium

Question 28

What is the leading cause of Ca death

Answer 28

pancreatic cancer

Question 29

et of pancreatic cancer

Answer 29

unclear

Question 30

what is pancreatic cancer linked to

Answer 30

smoking
alcohol
age
poor diet

Question 31

what are predispostions to pancreatic cancer

Answer 31

DM
chronic pancreatitis (not acute)

Question 32

why is age linked to pancreatic ca

Answer 32

rt cumulative exposure to environmental triggers -> damage and genetic mutation

Question 33

mfnts of pancreatic ca

Answer 33

dt mass taking up space in pancreas, causing inc P on ducts

jaundice, unexplained wt loss,

Question 34

what is a classic mnft of pancreatic ca

Answer 34

abdm pain

Question 35

dx pancreatic ca

Answer 35

US, CT

Question 36

what is said about the pancreatic tumor after dx

Answer 36

it has normally already metastisized

Question 37

tx for pancreatic ca

Answer 37

pain control
sx if early
palliative care
no chemo