Unit 5

Question 1

What DTM stage is pre-industrial

Answer 1

1

Question 2

What DTM stage is the transitional stage

Answer 2

2

Question 3

What DTM stage is industrial

Answer 3

3

Question 4

What DTM stage is post-industrial

Answer 4

4

Question 5

What happens to go from stage 1 to stage 2 on a DTM

Answer 5

Health care, industrialization, water quality, sanitation

Question 6

What happens to go from stage 2 to stage 3 on a DTM

Answer 6

Better education for women

Question 7

What is the ozone layer

Answer 7

The diffuse layer of ozone molecules in the atmosphere

Question 8

What are the main types of UV that ozone absorbs

Answer 8

UV-C and UV-B

Question 9

What molecule reacts with UV from the sun and prevents some UV from reaching earth

Answer 9

Ozone

Question 10

What is ozone photolysis

Answer 10

Ozone naturally destroyed when UV interacts with O3.

Question 11

What are chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)

Answer 11

Extremely stable, nonreactive, nontoxic, and nonflammable man made compounds

Question 12

What are ozone depleting substances (ODS)

Answer 12

Chlorine, bromine, hydrofluorocarbons

Question 13

Where is the ozone layer located

Answer 13

Stratosphere

Question 14

What is the ozone hole

Answer 14

A severely depleted region of ozone

Question 15

Where does the biggest ozone hole occur and why

Answer 15

Antarctica

Clouds accumulate chlorine in the winter and it melts and releases it in the spring

Question 16

What is the montreal protocol and what year

Answer 16

1987

An agreement to reduce CFC production immediately and eliminate by 1996

Question 17

What are the most dangerous ozone depleting substances

Answer 17

Nitrogen dioxide (N2O) and NOx

Question 18

Does the hole in the ozone layer cause global warming

Answer 18

No

Question 19

What is climate change

Answer 19

Long-term shifts in patterns of temp and precipitation

Question 20

How many years is climate measured over

Answer 20

30

Question 21

What are Milankovitch cycles

Answer 21

Changes in earth’s orbit shape, tilt, and wobble on its axis

Question 22

What do milankovitch cycles primarily determine

Answer 22

If we will experience glacial or interglacial conditions

Question 23

What is the top 3 greenhouse gas emissions in the us

Answer 23

1. CO2
2. Methane
3. NO2

Question 24

What is the top emitter of greenhouse gases in the US’s economic sector

Answer 24

Transportation

Question 25

What is the greenhouse effect

Answer 25

Visible light from the sun is absorbed by earth's surface, which then emits the energy as infrared radiation. Outgoing infrared energy is then absorbed by tropospheric gases.

Question 26

What is global warming potential (GWP)

Answer 26

An estimate of how much a molecule of any compound can contribute to warming over a period of 100 years in relative to a molecule of C02

Question 27

What is the Keeling Curve

Answer 27

An instrumental record of atmospheric CO2. Longest record

Question 28

What is the Kyoto Protocol and the year

Answer 28

1997 UN members committed to reducing greenhouse gas emissions in industrialized countries to 5.2% below 1990 levels by 2012. US didnt agree to it

Question 29

Did the Kyoto Protocol work

Answer 29

No

Question 30

What is the paris agreement and the year

Answer 30

2015 Each country outlined their nationally determined contributions (NDCs) to acheive goal of limiting global temp increase to 2°C by 2100. Developed countries help lower developed countries

Question 31

Is water vapor a greenhouse gas

Answer 31

Yes

Question 32

What is albedo

Answer 32

The amount of reflection a surface has Higher the albedo, higher the reflectivity

Question 33

What is the cause of coral bleaching and why

Answer 33

Ocean warming Algae with corals cant survive higher ocean temps so they die which means corals die too

Question 34

What is ocean acidification

Answer 34

An increase of dissolved CO2 in the ocean results in a decrease in the pH. Dissolved CO2 reacts with water and forms carbonic acid.

Question 35

What is formed when CO2 and sea water combine during ocean acidification

Answer 35

Bicarbonate

Question 36

What does ocean acidification cause towards animal's shells

Answer 36

Breaks down or makes it harder to produce calcium carbonate shells