Unit 5 - Enzymes Flashcards
What are enzymes ?
proteins made of monomers called amino acids.
Are Enzymes living things ?
No
What do Enzymes do?
They are biological catalysts . they speed up the rate of cellular reactions, but are not changed by the process.
What would happen without enzymes?
reactions would be so slow to occur that the cells would die from not being able to do key life processes
What is the reactant an enzyme acts on?
The substrate
What is the groove in an enzyme? shape
The active site. Shape is complimentary to the substrate
Parts of an ezyme (5)
Active site, Enzyme, substrate, Enzyme- substrate- complex, products
What is the induced fit model?
Substrate and active site are only partially complimentary , substrate loosely binds im active site, this induces the active site to slightly change shape to bind the substrate.
How does protein get its structure?
depending on how amino acid chains fold together.
How does temperature affect enzyme activity ?
higher Temperature increases the kinetic energy so substrate and active site have a higher chance of colliding.
When do enzyme reactions occur?
When the active site and substrate collide
What happens to enzymes when the temperature is too high ?
They will lose their shape and break down. This is known as denaturing. The enzyme is then unable to function as the active site is the wrong shape for the substrate.
How does Ph affect enzyme activity ?
If ph gets too high or low the enzyme will denature. decreasing activity as the active site cannot bind with the substrate.
