Unit 6 Terms and Defintions

Question 1

What is the definition of Site?

Answer 1

The physical character of place; what is found at the location and why it is significant.

Question 2

What is the definition of Situation?

Answer 2

The location of a place relative to other places.

Question 3

What is the definition of Population Growth?

Answer 3

A region’s population will grow as long as their crude birth rates are greater than their crude death rates.

Question 4

What is the definition of Migration?

Answer 4

The physical movement of people from one place to another.

Question 5

What is the definition of Economic Development?

Answer 5

Process whereby simple, low-income national economies are transformed into modern industrial economies.

Question 6

What is the definition of Megacities?

Answer 6

The largest and most influential cities in the world, where population often nears or exceeds 10 million inhabitants.

Question 7

What is the definition of Metacities?

Answer 7

Cities with 20 million or more people.

Question 8

What is the definition of Periphery?

Answer 8

Within the World Systems Theory, these often include the least developed countries in the world and have economies based on primary economic activities.

Question 9

What is the definition of Semi-Periphery?

Answer 9

Within the World Systems Theory, these often include middle-income or newly industrialized countries and have economies dominated by manufacturing.

Question 10

What is the definition of Suburbanization?

Answer 10

Movement of upper and middle-class people from urban core areas to the surrounding outskirts.

Question 11

What is the definition of Sprawl?

Answer 11

The rapid expansion of the spatial extent of a city and occurs for numerous reasons.

Question 12

What is the definition of Decentralization?

Answer 12

The tendency of people or businesses and industry to locate outside the central city; the process of dispersing decision-making closer to the point of service or action.

Question 13

What is the definition of Edge Cities?

Answer 13

A nodal community which exists on the outside of a larger urban area.

Question 14

What is the definition of Exurbs?

Answer 14

The small communities lying beyond the suburbs of a city.

Question 15

What is the definition of Boomburbs?

Answer 15

A suburban area experiencing significant growth in population and prosperity.

Question 16

What is the definition of Core?

Answer 16

More Developed Countries in the World Systems Theory.

Question 17

What is the definition of World Cities?

Answer 17

Cities which exert influence beyond the boundaries of their state.

Question 18

What is the definition of World’s Urban Hierarchy?

Answer 18

A ranking of settlements according to their size and economic functions.

Question 19

What is the definition of Globalization?

Answer 19

Businesses or other organizations develop international influence or start operating on an international scale.

Question 20

What is the definition of Rank-Size Rule?

Answer 20

A pattern of settlements in a country, such that the nth largest settlement is 1/n the population of the largest settlement.

Question 21

What is the definition of Primate City?

Answer 21

Country’s leading city, with a population that is disproportionately greater than other urban areas within the same country. More than double the size of the next largest city.

Question 22

What is the definition of Gravity Model?

Answer 22

States that interaction increases or decreases due to size and distance.

Question 23

What is the definition of Central Place Theory?

Answer 23

The distribution of services, based on the fact that settlements serve as centers of market areas for services; larger settlements are fewer and farther apart than smaller settlements and provide services for a larger number of people.

Question 24

What is the definition of Concentric-Zone Model?

Answer 24

Model that describes urban environments as a series of rings radiating out from a central core, or central business district.

Question 25

What is the definition of Hoyt Sector Model?

Answer 25

A model of the internal structure of cities in which social groups are arranged around a series of sectors, or wedges, radiating out from the central business district.

Question 26

What is the definition of Multiple Nuclei Model?

Answer 26

Type of urban form where in cities have numerous centers of business and cultural activity instead of one central place.

Question 27

What is the definition of Galactic City Model?

Answer 27

A city with growth independent of the CBD that is traditionally connected to the central city by means of an arterial highway or interstate.

Question 28

What is the definition of Bid-Rent Theory?

Answer 28

A geographical theory that refers to how the price and demand on land changes as the distance towards the CBD changes.

Question 29

What is the definition of Latin American Urban Model?

Answer 29

Using cultural and historical influences, high-income residents cluster around the CBD with spines of industry and commerce following roads away from the CBD with urban slums encircling the city.

Question 30

What is the definition of Southeast Asia Urban Model?

Answer 30

Features high-class residential zones that stem from the center, middle-class residential zones that occur in inner city areas in suburban areas, and low-class income squatter settlements.

Question 31

What is the definition of African Urban Model?

Answer 31

Generalized diagram of an urban area that contains pre-colonial, European colonial, and post-colonial elements and is or was segregated by race.

Question 32

What is the definition of Infilling?

Answer 32

Occurs where open space presents an economic opportunity for landowners to build small multi-family housing units, placing more people into existing city blocks.

Question 33

What is the definition of Infrastructure?

Answer 33

Basic structure of services, installations, and facilities needed to support industrial, agricultural, and other economic development; included are transport and communications, along with water, power, and other public services.

Question 34

What is the definition of Mixed Land Use?

Answer 34

Cities that blend a use of residential, commercial, institutional, or industrial uses.

Question 35

What is the definition of Walkability?

Answer 35

A term for planning concepts best understood by the mixed-use of amenities in high-density neighborhoods where people can access said amenities by foot.

Question 36

What is the definition of Transportation Oriented Development?

Answer 36

A mixed-use residential and commercial area designed to maximize access to public transport.

Question 37

What is the definition of New Urbanism?

Answer 37

A counter to urban sprawl. Development, urban revitalization, and suburban reforms that create walkable neighborhoods with a diversity of housing and jobs.

Question 38

What is the definition of Green Belts?

Answer 38

Refers to natural, undeveloped, and/or agricultural lands that surround urban areas. These lands may include open spaces, parks, farms and ranches, wildlands, or a combination thereof.

Question 39

What is the definition of Slow Growth Cities?

Answer 39

Urban communities where the planners have put into place smart growth initiatives to decrease the rate at which the city grows horizontally to avoid the adverse effects of sprawl.

Question 40

What is the definition of De Facto Segregation?

Answer 40

People are segregated into separate areas by fact rather than by law or policy.

Question 41

What is the definition of Quantitative Data?

Answer 41

Statistical data that can be aggregated to make decisions- usually more objective data.

Question 42

What is the definition of Qualitative Data?

Answer 42

A type of data that tries to show the unique perspectives and feelings of the individuals who are being studied- more personal data.

Question 43

What is the definition of Brownfields?

Answer 43

Abandoned industrial sites that are contaminated to the point that new development is curtailed.

Question 44

What is the definition of Suburban Sprawl?

Answer 44

Spread of suburbs away from the core city.

Question 45

What is the definition of Redlining?

Answer 45

A practice carried out by realtors before the civil rights movement of the 1960s. They would identify what they considered risky neighborhoods in the cities and refuse to offer loans to those in the districts.

Question 46

What is the definition of Blockbusting?

Answer 46

Realtors would purposefully sell a house in a white neighborhood to an African American. Then, the realtor would persuade the white residents to move because the neighborhood was going downhill.

Question 47

What is the definition of Disamenity Zones?

Answer 47

In Latin American cities, a relatively stable slum area that radiates from the central market to the outermost zone of peripheral squatter settlements.

Question 48

What is the definition of Zones of Abandonment?

Answer 48

Zones (AREAS) in a city where abandon buildings are found.

Question 49

What is the definition of Squatter Settlements?

Answer 49

An area within a city in a less developed country in which people illegally establish residences on land they do not own or rent and erect homemade structures.

Question 50

What is the definition of Inclusionary Housing?

Answer 50

Specifies inclusions within a development, such as a playground or that a percentage of homes must be affordable for low-income families.

Question 51

What is the definition of Local Food Movements?

Answer 51

A movement which aims to bring local food producers and local food consumers together.

Question 52

What is the definition of Urban Renewal?

Answer 52

Cities identify blighted inner-city neighborhoods, acquire the properties from private members, relocate the residents and businesses, clear the site, build new roads and utilities and sell to investors.

Question 53

What is the definition of Gentrification?

Answer 53

The process of renewal and rebuilding accompanying the influx of middle-class or affluent people into deteriorating areas that often displaces poorer residents.