Unit 8 Anemia Lecture

Question 0

Erythropoietin

Answer 0

Produced in kidney to stimulate RBC prod in marrow

Question 1

RBC Vit to produce HGB

Answer 1

B6
B12
Ribolflavin
(Look up 5 more)

Question 2

Blood loss anemia

Answer 2

RBC normal at first then decrease with fluid shift
Low Fe and circulation
Fluid shift into vascular
More bleeding= less compensation
Return to normal 3-4 weeks with adequate Fe

Question 3

Neonatal blood loss anemia

Answer 3

Hemorrhage
Placental
Destruction
Low production or mom or baby

Question 4

G6PD

Answer 4

X linked hereditary
Asymptomatic until stressors
Vit K, Aspirin, sulfonamides exacerbate

Question 5

G6PD enzyme

Answer 5

Enzymes of RBC metabolism/production

Damages RBC

Question 6

G6PD symptoms

Answer 6

Pallor
Jaundice
HGB in urine
Reticulocyte count elevated (indicates response to low RBC)

Question 7

Acquired hemolytic

Answer 7

RBC destroyed by outside source

Question 8

Acquired hemolytic causes

Answer 8

Transplant
Disease
Transfusion reaction

Question 9

Acquired hemolytic S/S

Answer 9

Enlarged spleen
Jaundice
Abd pain
Path fx if severe

Question 10

Thalassemia

Answer 10

Inherited
1 of 2 HGB proteins are missing
Asian, Arabic, AA have both deficiency
Minor- one parent has (mild)

Question 11

Thalassemia symptoms

Answer 11

Small pale Bulls eye cells
Bronze skin
Mild symptoms

Question 12

Thal major

Answer 12

Both parents give
high mortality and symptoms in first year
very rare to adulthood
Constant transfusions to prolong and manage

Question 13

Aplastic

Answer 13

Low RBC alone or
Pantocytopenia (all 3 cells decreased)
Immunocompromised
Weakness, fatigue, pale, bleeding, tachy

Question 14

Nutritional anemia type

Answer 14

Iron
B12
Folic acid

Question 15

Fe anemia

Answer 15

HGB depleted the iron
Child bearing women, elderly
poor diet, Blood loss, GI malabsorption

Question 16

Fe deficient anemia

Answer 16

Spoon nails
Pica (abnormal food cravings)
Shob
Sores on side of the mouth

Question 17

B12

Answer 17

Poor absorption, vegetarian, vegan, parasites, disease

Glossitis, wt loss, paresthesis, neuro symptoms

Question 18

Pernicious B12

Answer 18

Low intrinsic factor, low parietal cells in pernicious

Im shots for life (weekly then monthly)

Question 19

Folic acid anemia

Answer 19

Elderly, alcoholics, malnourished

Palpitations, cheilosis

Question 20

Ferritin

Answer 20

Most accurate Fe deficient anemia test

Stores and transports Fe

Question 21

Folic adverse s/e

Answer 21

Bronchospasm
Erythema
Rashes
Malaise 
Dark yellow urine

Question 22

Folic acid admin

Answer 22

Food don’t matter
Immunosuppressants/Birth control/antibiotics can decrease effects
Liver metabolism

Question 23

B12 admin

Answer 23

Deep subQ/IM for most
PO for ONLY B12 deficiency 
Burns
ETOH decreases absorption
With food

Question 24

B12 contras

Answer 24

Heart/lung disease because of salt retention

Question 25

Fe admin

Answer 25

``` HGB/HCT monitoring 1 hr before/2 hr after meals No dairy/antacids Food if GI upset but decreases absorption IM with Z track ```

Question 26

Fe supplement s/e

Answer 26

Dark stool Gi pain NVD Liquid iron stains teeth

Question 27

Fe Dextran

Answer 27

Slow IV Test dose for anaphylaxis .5 mL over 30 seconds

Question 28

Oral care measures

Answer 28

Q2 Soft brush 50/50 peroxide/NS/No alcohol mouthwash Petroleum jelly on lips