Universe

Question 1

• the original state of cosmos was a primordial mixture of all it ingredients which existed in infinitesimally small fragments of themselves. This mixture was not entirely uniform and the action of nous or “mind” set unarranged matter in the universe into motion and created order from it.

Answer 1

Primordial universe

Question 2

Primordial universe

Answer 2

Anaxagoras

Question 3

• the universe is composed of very small, indivisible, and indestructible atoms.

Answer 3

Atomic Universe

Question 4

Atomic Universe

Answer 4

Leucippus & Democritus

Question 5

• Earth stayed motionless in the heavens and everything revolving around it.

Answer 5

Geocentric Universe

Question 6

Geocentric Universe

Answer 6

Aristotle and Ptolemy

Question 7

• contradicted the Geocentric Universe theory with his theory of Heliocentrism

Answer 7

Nicolaus Copernicus (1543)

Question 8

suggested that the Solar System is not the center of the universe – it’s merely just another star system in a multitude of other stars.

Answer 8

Giordano Bruno (1584)

Question 9

who said that the universe is static, steady-state, and infinite. Matter on a large scale is uniformly distributed, and the universe is gravitationally balanced but essentially unstable

Answer 9

Sir Isaac Newton

Question 10

• Our solar system and the entire universe consists of a network of interlocking vortices, which are subject to gravitational and centrifugal power

Answer 10

Rene Descartes

Question 11

• postulated that space was entirely filled with the matter in various states, whirling about the sun.

Answer 11

Theory of Vortices

Question 12

• Universe is static, dynamically – stable, which is neither expanding nor contracting. He would later abandon this when, in 1929, Edwin Hubble showed that the universe was not static.

Answer 12

Albert Einstein

Question 13

• showed that the universe was not static.

Answer 13

Edwin Hubble (1929)

Question 14

• The universe is continuously expanding from the infinitely dense point singularity around 13.82 billion years ago.

Answer 14

Big Bang Theory

Question 15

• Is a cosmological model that combines both the Big Bang and the Big Crunch as part of a cyclical event. That - the Universe in which we live exists between a Big Bang and a Big Crunch

Answer 15

Oscillating Universe

Question 16

• Predicted a universe that expanded but did not change its density - the matter was inserted into the universe as it expanded in order to maintain a constant density. Or simply continuous creation.
• Galaxies are not moving away from each other
• Stars are being made in the center of galaxies that move out of the center
• Galaxies reabsorbs energy given off by stars reused to produce new stars

Answer 16

Steady State Theory

Question 17

• Cosmic inflation is due to repulsive gravity that pushes things apart rather than attracting them.
• Inflation caused an explosive scaling-up of space-time a tiny fraction of a second after the Big Bang. In another fraction of a second, inflation slowed to a more leisurely expansion that continues to this day but is accelerating

Answer 17

Inflationary Universe

Question 18

• Another variation of the inflationary model incorporated the ideas based on the superstring theory.

Answer 18

Cyclic Model

Question 19

the universe as just as many one of many “bubbles” that grew as a part of a multiverse

Answer 19

Multiverse