Upper Extremity

Question 1

Importance of AP shoulder view to include_____ and _____ joints

Answer 1

AC & SC

Question 2

For shoulder dislocations it is important to evaluate position of the humerus in relation to _____

Answer 2

glenoid

Question 3

Y-scapula view is shows _____, _____ and _____.

Answer 3

acromion; coracoid process; scapular body

Question 4

Y-scapula view showing anterior shoulder dislocation that in most cases is ______.

Answer 4

Sub-coracoid

Question 5

In internal humeral rotation radiographs (esp. chest x-ray) overimposition of humeral head should not be confused with bone lesion. This is known as?

Answer 5

Humeral pseudotumour

Question 6

Unfused secondary centre of acromion ossification. Can be symptomatic especially with repeated trauma. This is known as?

Answer 6

Os acromiale

Question 7

Important to view anterior humeral line continuity and that no _____ or posterior fat pad elevation is seen.

Answer 7

sail sign

Question 8

Tangential or Jones view to evaluate ______.

Answer 8

olecranon process

Question 9

Importance of anterior humeral line is to evaluate for common pediatric fracture, known as _____fracture of distal humerus.

Answer 9

supracondylar

Question 10

If Ant and Post fat pads are _____ (displaced)-indicates ______ of any abnormal source (e.g.fluid, blood, puss)

Answer 10

elevated; intra-articular effusion

Question 11

•C-capitellum
•R-radial head 
•I-internal condyle •T-trochlea 
•O-olecranon 
•E-external condyle
What are the ages for these structures to ossify?

Answer 11

•CRITOE (1-3-5-7-9-11)

Question 12

Supracondylar process is found in __ %. What is the clinical significance?

Answer 12

<1%;
potentially compressing median nerve simulating signs of carpal tunnel syndrome or vascular pathology of the brachial artery compression

Question 13

Osteochondroma will point (AWAY/ TOWARD) the joint?

Answer 13

AWAY

Question 14

Radio-ulnar synostosis. Can be congenital or 2ndary to fracture or other pathology. What are the symptoms?

Answer 14

Unable to pronate/supine forearm

Question 15

Congenital absence of the limb is known as?

Answer 15

Phacomelia

Question 16

Phacomelia is a rare anomaly, which can be caused by?

Answer 16

Thalidomite embriopathy

Question 17

What is polydactyly?

Answer 17

Having an extra digit

Question 18

Polydactyly can be seen in some _____ disorders

Answer 18

Congenital

Question 19

What is Synphalangism?

Answer 19

Digits fused together by means of bone and/or skin

Question 20

Complex Syndactyly due to Apert syndrome is also known as?

Answer 20

Acrocephalosyndactyly

Question 21

Complex syndactyly due to _____ syndrome

Answer 21

Apert

Question 22

Syndactily and synphalangism

May be part of ______ anomalies (e.g. Apert Syndrome)

Answer 22

severe congenital

Question 23

Accessory ossicle to ulnar styloid, triquetrum and sometimes lunate. (Not fracture) This is known as?

Answer 23

Os triangulare

Question 24

Persistant radial styloid is known as?

Answer 24

Os radiostyloidum

Question 25

Ossicle around trapezium

Answer 25

Os paratrapezium

Question 26

Unfused failed ossification centre of the Hook of the Hamate bone. Is known as?

Answer 26

Os Hamuli proprium

Question 27

_____ view of the wrist. Essential view for carpal navicular or scaphoid bone visualization.

Answer 27

Ulnar deviation

Question 28

Hands radiographs are important in evaluation of _____ and _____

Answer 28

trauma and arthritis

Question 29

How many views are needed for the hand?

Answer 29

Typically 4, at least 2 views.

Question 30

Metacarpal sign uses what view?

Answer 30

PA hand

Question 31

To test for Metacarpal sign: A line is drawn tangentially through the articular cortex of the ___ and ___ metacarpal heads

Answer 31

4th and 5th

Question 32

To test for Metacarpal sign: The line should pass distal to or just touch the ___metacarpal head

Answer 32

3rd

Question 33

To test for Metacarpal sign: If the line passes through the 3rd metacarpal head = _____ sign; usually due to fracture deformity

Answer 33

positive

Question 34

Normal Ulnar Radial | Relationship: ___ - ___ Differential

Answer 34

2.3-4.2 mm

Question 35

Lunate and triquetral bone fusing together is known as?

Answer 35

Luno-triquetral Coalition

Question 36

_____ are essential in the evaluation of trauma and alignment

Answer 36

Carpal arcs

Question 37

Carpal angle is essential to exclude some anomalies like _____ deformity.

Answer 37

Madelung

Question 38

Normal Carpal angle: ___-___ degree

Answer 38

130-137

Question 39

What is Madelung deformity?

Answer 39

Bowing of distal radius

Question 40

Brachydactyly

Answer 40

Shortening of digits, usually congenital