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Upper Limbs Flashcards

(88 cards)

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1
Q

Which muscles coordinate scapula protraction (2)

A

Pectoralis major, serratus anterior

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2
Q

Which muscles coordinate scapula retraction (3)

A

Rhomboids, middle trapezius, latissimus dorsi

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3
Q

Which muscles coordinate scapula elevation (3)

A

Superior trapezius, levator scapulae, rhomboids

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4
Q

Which muscles coordinate scapula depression (3)

A

Inferior trapezius, pectoralis minor, serratus anterior

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5
Q

Which muscles coordinate shoulder flexion (2)

A

Pectoralis major, deltoid (anterior)

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6
Q

Which muscles coordinate shoulder extension

A

Deltoid (posterior

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7
Q

Which muscles coordinate shoulder abduction (2)

A

Supraspinatus initially then the deltoid

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8
Q

Which muscles coordinate shoulder adduction (2)

A

Pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi

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9
Q

Which muscles coordinate shoulder circumduction

A

Draw circles with arm, many muscles involved

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10
Q

Which muscles coordinate elbow flexion (3)

A

Biceps brachii, brachialis, pronator teres

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11
Q

Which muscles coordinate elbow extension

A

Triceps

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12
Q

Which muscles coordinate radio-ulnar pronation (2)

A

Pronator quadratus, pronator teres

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13
Q

Which muscles coordinate radio-ulnar supination (2)

A

Supinator, biceps brachii

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14
Q

Which muscles coordinate wrist flexion (6)

A

Flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, palmaris longus, adbuctor pollicis longis, flexor digitorum profundus, and flexor digitorum superficialis

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15
Q

Which muscles coordinate wrist extension (7)

A

ECRL, ECRB, ECU, extensor digiti minimi, extensor digitorum, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longis

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16
Q

Which muscles coordinate wrist ulnar deviation (2)

A

ECU, FCU

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17
Q

Which muscles coordinate wrist radial deviation (5)

A

Flexor carpi radialis , ECRL, ECRB, Abductor pollicis Longis, Extensor pollicis brevis

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18
Q

Test the trapezius

A

shrug shoulders (accessory nerve)

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19
Q

Test the sternocleidomastoid

A

turn head (accessory nerve

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20
Q

Test the serratus anterior

A

push against wall – check for winging of scapula (long thoracic nerve)

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21
Q

Test the pectoral muscles

A

resist adduction (lateral pectoral nerve – brachial plexus )

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22
Q

Test the deltoid

A

resist abduction (axillary nerve – C5,6)

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23
Q

Test the supraspinatus

A

abduction against resistance – first 15 degrees

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24
Q

Test the biceps

A

Flex against resistance

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25
Test the triceps
Extend against resistance
26
Test the pronating muscles
Pronate
27
Test the supinating muscles
Supinate
28
Test the superficial wrist flexors of the forearm
Flex against resistance
29
Test the flex. digitorum superficialis
Flex fingers
30
Test the flex. Digitorum profundus
Flex fingers
31
Test the extensors of the wrist and digits in the forearm
Extend fingers and wrist against resistance
32
Test the thenar & hypothenar muscles
Resistance to abduction of thumb/little finger from the plane of the palm. Touch thumb and little finger together
33
Test the interossei - dorsal
Abduction of fingers
34
Test the interossei - palmar
Adduction of fingers
35
What is the nerve supply to trapezius
accessory (XI)
36
What is the nerve supply to sternocleidomastoid
accessory (XI)
37
What is the nerve supply to serratus anterior
long thoracic
38
What is the nerve supply to pectoralis major
lateral pectoral nerve
39
What is the nerve supply to deltoid
axillary (C5,6)
40
What is the nerve supply to rotator cuff
axillary (C5,6)
41
What is the nerve supply to biceps
musculocutaneous (C5,6,7)
42
What is the nerve supply to triceps
radial (C6,7,8)
43
What is the nerve supply to supinator muscles
Radial C5,6,7,8, T1
44
What is the nerve supply to pronator muscles
Median C6,7,8, T1
45
What is the nerve supply to the superficial flexors of the wrist
Ulnar C7,8 and Median C6, 7
46
What is the nerve supply to FDS
median (C7,8, T1)
47
What is the nerve supply to FDP
median (C8, T1) for 2nd and 3rd digits | ulnar (C8, T1) for 4th and 5th digits
48
What is the nerve supply to extensors of wrist and digits
radial (C5,6,7,8 T1)
49
What is the nerve supply to thenar and hypothenar muscles
ulnar C7,8 and median C6,7 nerves
50
What is the nerve supply to dorsal interossei
ulnar (C7, 8)
51
What is the nerve supply to palmar interossei
ulnar (C7,8)
52
Palpate subclavian pulse
behind medial end of the clavicle
53
Palpate brachial pulse
in the arm (between bicep and tricep) and in the cubital fossa
54
Surface mark basilic, cephalic, median cubital veins
Do it, basilica more medial
55
Map dermatomes: C5-T2
Do it
56
What're the motor functions of the axillary nerve (2)
Deltoid and teres minor
57
What're the motor functions of the musculocutaneous nerve
Biceps
58
What're the motor functions of the radial nerve
Wrist extensors and triceps
59
What're the motor functions of the ulnar nerve (2)
FCU, flexors of fingers,
60
What're the sensory functions of the axillary nerve
Innervates skin superior lateral aspect of shoulder
61
What're the sensory functions of the musculocutaneous nerve
Lateral surface of forearm
62
What're the sensory functions of the radial nerve
Radial aspect of the dorsum of the wrist hand
63
What're the sensory functions of the ulnar nerve
Ulnar portion of the dorsum of the hand, and little finger
64
What're the sensory functions of the median nerve
thumb and index finger
65
Test bicep reflex
Put thumb on distal biceps tendon, hit your nail with the hammer
66
Test tricep reflex
Hit triceps tendon, support arm yourself
67
Boundaries of the axilla?
Superiorly: posterior border of clavicle, outer border of first rib, superior border of scapula, medially: ribs 1-4 and serratus anterior, inferiorly by skin, laterally by the intertubercular sulcus/groove of humerus, anteriorly by the 2 pecs and pteres major, posteriorly by the scapula/lat/pteres major
68
Boundaries of the cubital fossa?
Superiorly: line between epicondyles of the humerus, medially: lateral border of pronator teres, laterally: medial border of the corachobrachialis
69
Boundaries of the snuffbox?
EPL, EPB, APL
70
Contents of the snuffbox?
Scaphoid and radial artery
71
Bones of the wrist
Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate
72
Test the infraspinatus
external rotation against resistance
73
Test the teres minor
external rotation against resistance
74
Test the subscapularis
internal rotation against resistance
75
Test the rotator cuff muscles
supraspinatus (abduction against resistance – first 15 degrees), infraspinatus (external rotation against resistance), teres minor (external rotation against resistance), subscapularis (internal rotation against resistance).
76
C4
Shoulder
77
C5
Lateral side of arm
78
C6
lateral side of the forearm and thumb
79
C7
middle and ring finger
80
C8
Medial side of hand, forearm, little finger
81
T1
Medial side of upper forearm and arm
82
T2
Axilla
83
which nerve is vulnerable to damage at the elbow
Ulnar
84
What is pathology of the median nerve
Carpal tunnel syndrome
85
Which nerve pathology causes carpal tunnel syndrome
median
86
what is the roof of the carpal tunnel
flexor retinaculum
87
How to spot the position of the flexor retinaculum
Proximal end is at the distal wrist crease
88
Which FDS or FDP fuses at the distal / proximal metacarpal
Profundus proximal, superficialis distal

OSPE (7 decks)

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