Urban environments key words Flashcards
Define urbanisation
An increase in the percentage or proportion of people living in urban areas
Define urban growth
An increase in the NUMBER of people living in urban areas
What is a brownfield site?
Land that has been built on before and is to be cleared and reused.
What is a greenfield site?
Land that has not been built on before
What is a green belt?
An area of land around a large urban area which is protected by law from development to preserve the countryside.
What is the informal sector?
The part of the economy where jobs are created by people to try to get an income (e.g. taking in washing, mending bikes) and are not counted in official figures.
What is ASH?
Assisted Self-Help. When local authorities offer people in squatter settlements loans or grants and install facilities for water, sanitation and sewerage.
What are squatter settlements?
Areas of cities built with any material that people can find, usually located on the outskirts on marginal land that does not belong to them
E.g.Slums, shanty towns, favelas, kampungs, etc.
What is a UDC?
Urban Development Corporations. Set up in 1980s-90s using public funding to regenerate inner city areas. They buy and improve land and attract private investment.
What is Urban Sprawl?
The uncontrolled expansion of towns and cities into the countryside.
What is industrialisation?
An increase in the percentage or proportion of the the population employed in the manufacturing sector of the economy
What are TNCs?
Transnational Corporations. Companies that spread their operations around the world in an attempt to reduce costs.
What is a sustainable city?
An urban area where residents have a way of life that will last a long time.
What is social deprivation?
The combination of poverty with other factors such as crime, poor education, pollution, litter and anti-social behaviour
What is urban decline?
When a previously functioning city loses buisness, local economy shrinks, unemployment increases, buildings / public places are abandoned and vandalised.
