Uric acid + Lipids Flashcards
Cholesterol is absorbed in the… via which receptor?
Jejunum via NPC-1L1 receptor
Bile acids are absorbed in the… via which receptor?
Terminal Ileum via BAT receptor
What happens to cholesterol synthesis when cholesterol is transported from the gut into the liver?
Cholesterol influx downregulates HMG-CoA-Reductase (main enzyme in liver for cholesterol synthesis)
How does HMG-CoA-Reductase make cholesterol
Acetate -> MVA (mevalonic acid) -> Cholesterol
How is bile acid made?
7a-hydroxylase converts cholesterol into bile acids
What happens to cholesterol in the liver?
- Cholesterol -> Cholesterol ester (via ACAT - acylCoA:cholesterol acylTransferase)
- Cholesterol ester + TG + apoB -> VLDL (via Microsomal Triglyceride Transfer Protein - MTP)
- VLDL -> LDL in plasma, which goes to cells
What is the role of HDL?
Picks up EXCESS cholesterol from periphery
ABCA1
How is most of the cholesterol stored in our body?
LDL 70%
HDL 17%
How is most of the triglycerides stored in our body?
VLDL
Where are TGs absorbed?
Small intestine
Which enzyme controls the movement of Cholesterol ester and TGs from HDLs to VLDLs
Cholesterol Ester Transfer Protein (CETP)
Which enzyme hydrolyses Chylomicrons into free fatty acids?
Lipoprotein Lipase (LPL)
Lomitapide
Inhibits MTP (Microsomal Triglyceride Transfer Protein)
40-50% reduction in LDL
Evolocumab
Monoclonal Ab against PCSK9
MOST POTENT LDL lowering therapy
Ezetemibe
Inhibits NPC-1L1
