Urinary System Notes

Question 1

organs

Answer 1

2 kidneys 
2 ureters
Urinary bladder
Urethra 
Urinary sphincter
Urinary meatus

Question 2

Front view of urinary tract

Answer 2

Kidney
Ureter
Bladder
Sphincter
Urethra

Question 3

Kidney description

Answer 3

Where urine is made

Question 4

Kidney location

Answer 4

Waist level on either side of back

Question 5

Kidney color and shape

Answer 5

Reddish brown

Bean-shaped

Question 6

Kidney size

Answer 6

4” long, 2” wise, 1” thick

Question 7

Define renal

Answer 7

Means relating to or involving the kidney

Question 8

Renal fascia

Answer 8

Covers the kidney and helps to protect it

Question 9

Parts of the kidney

Answer 9

Cortex
Medulla
Renal pelvis

Question 10

Cortex

Answer 10

Outer smooth layer, contains the most nephrons

Question 11

Medulla

Answer 11

Middle layer, cone-shaped pyramids that are composed of collecting tubules

Question 12

Renal pelvis

Answer 12

Inner cavity, where urine goes

Question 13

Nephron

Answer 13

filters the blood, and produces urine in the process of removing waste and excess substances from the blood

Question 14

Parts of the nephron

Answer 14

Glomerulus
Bowman’s capsule
Convoluted tubule
Collecting tubule

Question 15

Glomerulus

Answer 15

A cluster of capillaries through which your water, salt, waste, poisons are filtered out

Question 16

Bowman’s capsule

Answer 16

Surround glomerulus, protects it

Question 17

Convoluted tubule

Answer 17

Long twisty, wavy tube that leads from the capsule

Question 18

Collecting tubule

Answer 18

Connects from the convoluted tubule to the renal pelvis area

Question 19

Where does kidney blood supply come from

Answer 19

Renal artery

Question 20

How man liters of blood pass through the kidney every day

Answer 20

Greater than 180L

Question 21

What has a direct influence on the kidney

Answer 21

Hypertension

Question 22

What can hypertension lead to

Answer 22

Kidney disease

Question 23

Description of ureters

Answer 23

Tube with small diameter, 1/5 of an inch wide, but 10-12” long

Question 24

Ureter location

Answer 24

Connects with the hiking from the renal pelvis to the bladder in the back

Question 25

Function of ureter

Answer 25

Carries urine from the kidney to the bladder

Question 26

Urinary bladder description

Answer 26

Hollow, muscular sack

Question 27

Urinary bladder location

Answer 27

In your pelvis behind your pelvic bone

Question 28

Urinary bladder function

Answer 28

Holds urine, the elastic muscle fibers allow it to expand and contract

Question 29

Capacity

Answer 29

Amount of urine that the bladder holds

Question 30

First urge to void occurs

Answer 30

When bladder fills to 200-300ml

Question 31

Bladder is moderately full at

Answer 31

500 ml (the urge does not leave)

Question 32

Bladder is full at

Answer 32

700-900 ml (we become uncomfortable)

Question 33

Urethra description

Answer 33

Tube 1 quarter inch width in diameter, 1/2” long in women, 6-8” in men

Question 34

Location of urethra

Answer 34

Bottom of the bladder

Question 35

Function of urethra

Answer 35

Brings urine from the bladder to the outside of body

Question 36

Urinary sphincter location

Answer 36

End of bladder

Question 37

Urinary sphincter function

Answer 37

Muscle that controls urine output

Question 38

Urinary meatus description

Answer 38

Outer opening of urethra

Question 39

Urinary meatus location

Answer 39

At the end of urethra, opened to air by body

Question 40

Urinary sphincter function

Answer 40

Urine comes out

Question 41

Urination

Answer 41

Emptying urine from body

Question 42

Voiding

Answer 42

Emptying urine from bladder

Question 43

Micturition

Answer 43

Emptying liquid waste from urinary system

Question 44

Incontinence

Answer 44

Involuntary voiding

Question 45

Bladder distention

Answer 45

Overly full bladder that you can feel above pelvic bone

Question 46

Normal amount of urine excreted each day

Answer 46

1,000-1,500 ml

Question 47

Quantity of urine is influenced by

Answer 47

``` Fluid intake Perspiration (sweating) Hemorrhage (bleeding) Bp External temperature Medications Diseases Fever ```

Question 48

Urine characteristics

Answer 48

``` Liquid Amber color Clear Acid in reaction Smell - ammonia ```

Question 49

Normal “specific gravity” (how concentrated the urine is)

Answer 49

1.010 - 1.025

Question 50

What might high concentration mean

Answer 50

Patient is dehydrated or have urinary retention

Question 51

Urine composition (what it’s composed of)

Answer 51

``` 95% H2O Nitrogenous waste Urea Creatinine Excess material Toxins Hormones (Hc6 Lc6) Pigment ```

Question 52

When and how is Hc6 Lc6 produced

Answer 52

Produced by placenta when women becomes pregnant (10 days after missed period)

Question 53

What is pigment

Answer 53

Yellow bial compound