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Reproductive/Urinary > Uriniary > Flashcards

Uriniary Flashcards

1
Q

80% of these structures contain enough calcium to be radiopaque

A

Uriniary calculi

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2
Q

A third kidney

A

Supernumerary kidney

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3
Q

Cystic dilation of the distal ureter

A

Ureterocele

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4
Q

Dilation of the renal pelcicalyceal area

A

Hydronephrosis

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5
Q

Dilation of the ureter

A

Hydroureter

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6
Q

Ectopic kidney found in the pelvis

A

Positioning anomaly

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7
Q

Evidence of a solitary kidney

A

Renal agenesis

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8
Q

Finger-like projections into the lumen of the bladder

A

Bladder carcinoma

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9
Q

Fluid-filled unilocular mass

A

Renal cyst

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10
Q

Inflammation of the urinary bladder

A

Cystitis

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11
Q

Inflammatory process involving the tufts of the capillaries that filter the blood

A

Glomerulonephritis

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12
Q

Lesion arising from embryonic renal tissue most commonly found in infants and during childhood

A

Wilms’ tumor

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13
Q

Fusion of the lower poles of the left and right kidneys

A

Horseshoe kidney

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14
Q

Most common renal neoplasm, also known as a hypernephroma

A

Renal carcinoma

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15
Q

Multiple cysts of varying size causing progressive renal impairment

A

Polycystic kidney

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16
Q

Pyogenic bacteria causing inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis

A

Pyelonephritis

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17
Q

Results in a condition called uremia, an accumulation of excessive blood levels or urea and creatinine

A

Chronic renal failure

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18
Q

Miniature replica of normal kidney; compensatory hypertrophy (acquired condition)

A

Hypoplasia kidney (aka renal hypoplasia)

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19
Q

Solitary kidney with compensatory hypertophy; missing ureter and corresponding half of bladder (trigone); typically left kidney, men, 1 in 1000

A

Unilateral renal agenesis

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20
Q

Kidney is out of its normal position; malrotated position creating a bizarre appearance; generally asymptomatic

A

Ectopic kidney

21
Q

Ectopic kidney lies across the midline and is fused to the other kidney; ureters cross midline and enter bladder on proper side

A

Crossed renal ectopia

22
Q

Most common fusion anomaly; lower poles of the kidney joined together; obstruction at ureteropelvic junction may occur due to position of ureters

A

Horseshoe kidney

23
Q

Bifid pelvis or completely double pelvis, ureters and ureterovasical orifice; complications include obstruction and vesicoureteral reflux with infection

A

Duplication (duplex kidney)

24
Q

Extra kidney has formed; small kidney containing a separate pelvis, ureter and blood supply

A

Supernumerary kidney

25
Q

A cystic dilation of the distal ureter near its opening into the bladder; lesion fills with contrast “cobrahead” radiographic appearance

A

Ureterocele

26
Q

Non-supporative inflammatory process involving the glomeruli

A

Glomerulonphritis (Bright’s disease)

27
Q

Suppurative inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis caused by pyogenic bacteria

A

Acute pyelonephritis

28
Q

Painful urination

A

Dysuria

29
Q

Urine containing pus

A

Pyuria

30
Q

Inflammation of the bladder; typical in women, catherization, instrumentation

A

Cystitis

31
Q

Common in diabetic patients; radiographic appearance; ring of lucent gas outlining bladder wall of within lumen

A

Emphysematous cystitis

32
Q

Form in the calyces and renal pelvis; made of pure uric acid; asymptomatic until they begin to descend or cause and obstruction

A

Kidney stones

33
Q

Often have multiple jagged edges; most common site for lodging is the ureterovesical junction and pelvic brim

A

Kidney stones

34
Q

A large stone that completely fills the renal pelvis blocking the flow of urine

A

Staghorn calculus

35
Q

Most often result from the downward movement of kidney stones; small, irregular and poorly calcified (easily missed)

A

Ureteral stones

36
Q

Disorder primarily of elder men with obstruction or infection of the lower urinary tract; single or multiple, vary in size, circular or oval

A

Bladder stones

37
Q

Calcium deposits within the renal parenchyma; varies from scattered densities to very dense and extensive calcifications

A

Nephrocalcinosis

38
Q

Blockage above level of bladder; calculus, tumor, stricture, congenital, defect, blood clot, inflammation and pregnancy

A

Hydronephrosis

39
Q

Unilateral dilation of ureter

A

Hydroureter

40
Q

Generally enlarged kidney with moderately dilated calyces

A

Acute hydronephrosis

41
Q

Greatly dilated pelvicalyceal system and ureter proximal to obstruction

A

Chronic hydronephrosis

42
Q

Fluid filled cyst; margin appears as a very thin and smooth radiopaque rim about a bulging lucent cyst

A

Simple renal cyst

43
Q

An inherited disorder with multiple cysts causing an enlarged lobulated kidney; causes progressive kidney impairment

A

Polycystic kidney disease

44
Q

Most common renal neoplasm; contains calcifications, mass with indistinct outline, tumor has density similar to normal tissue; metastasis to lungs, liver, bones and brain

A

Renal carcinoma (hypernephroma)

45
Q

Most common abdominal neoplasm of infancy and childhood; arises from immature kidney cells that fail to develop - multiply and becomes tumor; highly malignant (liver, lung, brain)

A

Nephroblastoma (aka Wilms’ tumor)

46
Q

90% are seen in men over the age of 50; 4th most common cancer in men; risk factors include cigarette smoking and industrial chemicals

A

Bladder carcinoma

47
Q

Rapid deterioration in kidney function; accumulation of nitrogen - containing wastes in blood; prerenal or postrenal causes - specific kidney diseases

A

Acute renal failure

48
Q

Results from prerenal, postrenal or intrinsic kidney disease; uremia - failure of kidneys to remove nitrogen; containing wast from circulation lead to accumulation of urea and creatinine in blood (toxic effect on body systems)

A

Chronic renal failure

Reproductive/Urinary (3 decks)

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