What was the leading industry in the mass production industry?
Automobile Industry
How did Henry Ford transform the auto industry?
- Lowered the price of automobile to increase the sales of profit
- Lowered the cost production
What were the primary principles approaches Henry Ford used to lower the cost of production?
- Employed mass production to spread his fixed cost
- Employee for division of labor
- Interchangeable parts
- Focused heavily on wasted effort
Name the industries dominated by trusts from 1898 - 1903
Steal (trusts), oil (trusts), railroads (monopolies/ologopolies), utility electric companies (monopolies)
Describe the important business develops from 1898 - 1909
- Developing and continuing development in high businesses
- Finance capitalists (bankers) replaced industrial capitalist as operators of large businesses ex: JP Morgan replacing Carnegie
- Development of interlocking board of directors of control
What were the principles of Frederick Taylor’s scientific management?
- management must take control of job knowledge and set it into rules and formulas
- management must control the work place and enforce standardization of work methods
- enforcing cooperation
Discuss the major changed in US farm life in the early 20th century
- rural free delivery (RFD) delivery mail to farmers
- partial post- packages by mail with low cost
- better roads- more money spent on building them
- land prices rose and people couldn’t afford to buy a farm became tenants
- work and attention given to farm related diseases ex: hook worm, malaria
- huge irrigation product came to the west
Explain the conditions faced by working women in the early 1900s
- growing number of women in the work place
- heavy prejudice/ specially against married women because they belonged in the home
- very few professional jobs, few pay
Who was Margaret Sanger
An early feminist and women rights activists who coined the term “Birth Control” and worked towards its legalization
Who was the sociologist leader of the Niagara Movement?
WEB Dubois
How was WEB Dubois approach to the Niagara Movement different that Booker T Washington?
Booker T. Washington believed that African Americans should work towards success and WEB Dubois believed that equality was absolutely necessary for progress
What was the NAACP? (1909)
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People; serving as a source of info and pride to African Americans
What magazine served as a voice for the NAACP?
The Crisis
Who was the editor of The Crisis?
WEB Dubois
Explain the main characteristics of immigration to the U.S 1901-1920
- immigrants almost entirely were coming to work/economic motives and increase in labor movement
- source was Southern and Eastern Europe as well as from Mexico
- Immigrants often moved back and forth from their homeland to the US
- Mexican population in the southwest increased
- Chinese immigration dropped drastically (laws prohibited)
- Japanese immigration grew substantially
What was the Bird of Passage?
Person who passes through or visits without staying for long
What interrupted temporary migration patterns from Europe?
US enacted the Anarchist Exclusion Act
Why did immigration increase from Mexico?
The economy
Angel Island
An immigration station where immigrants entering the US were detained and interrogated
Jose Marti
Founding father of Cuba
18th Amendment
Allows prohibition
Buck v. Bell
Carrie Bell blamed for being raped and is sanitized
GDP
Gross Domestic Product
What skilled labor union was the most mainstream?
The AFL
Who ran the AFL?
Samuel Gompers
Who introduced the 5 dollar day?
Henry Ford
Why did Henry Ford introduce the 5 dollar day?
It was conceived as a profit-sharing plan which would motivate Ford employees to adopt efficient and productive habits at both the factory and at home
Nativism
When you favor a natives population
Literacy Act
If you immigrate you have to take a test
Who did the Literacy Act target?
Southern and Eastern Europeans
Frederick Winslow Taylor
He wanted to improve productivity in factories
Who introduced Creative Destruction?
Joseph Schumpter
What was Creative Destruction?
Capitalisms greatest strength and it will also destroy capitalism
Why were women not allowed to work in the AFL?
They were too emotional
Anne Morgan
She was a union activist
What was the nickname of the Knights of Labor?
The Feeble Wobbles
Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire
Employees were locked in for their shifts and a fire broke out that killed a lot of people
Leisure time
Baseball, innovations in music, and cinema exploded across the US
Muckrakers
Writers who made a practice between 1903 and 1909 of exposing the wrongdoings of public figures and corporations and high lighting social and political problems
Women Trade Union League
The group worked to organize women into trade unions
Industrial Workers of the World
Also known as the wobblies, aimed to unite the American working class into one union
Ashcan School
Early 20th century realist painters who portrayed the slums and streets of the nation’s cities and the lives of the ordinary urban dwellers