US history test Flashcards
(57 cards)
What is a patriot?
An American colonist rebelling against the British. Fighting for liberty and wanting to be their own independent country.
What is a loyalist?
Someone who is still loyal to the British king. Usually rich people.
What is a refugee?
Someone who flees where they leave due to prosecution or conflict. They do not return.
What is a blockade?
The shutting of a port to keep people or supplies from moving in or out. Boston is an example.
What are mercenaries?
Troops for hire who are getting paid to fight. An example of this are the Hessians who were German soldiers hired to join the British side. However they didn’t actually believe in the cause like Americans who were fighting for liberty. They were fighting for money.
Where did the second continental congress meet? ( State and building )
They met in Philadelphia. Specifically in Independence hall. It used to be called the Old Pennsylvania state house.
Who took over Fort Ticonderoga?
Ethan Allen and the Green Mountain boys
Who wrote the olive branch petition and what was it?
John Dickinson of Pennsylvania wrote the olive branch petition. Colonists asked the king for peace. King refused to read it and declared all the colonies in rebellion.
Patriot advantages
Good at shooting due to them hunting in the past. George Washington was a great commander. They were fighting for everything, their homes, their money, their liberty etc.
Patriot disadvantages
They had a bad navy, especially compared to the British who had a great navy. They were poorly organized, with no training.
British advantages
Had the Hessian’s and loyalist allies. They were experienced and well trained. They had the best navy in the world. Money and a stable government.
British disadvantages
3000 miles from home. Not used to fighting in the wilderness, used to big open ground. The bright red coat they wore made them easy to spot and stand out.Stubborn and cocky generals unwilling to change and too confident in themselves.
General explanation of the battle of Bunker Hill
The first major battle of the Revolution. Colonel William Prescott has a minuteman dig in at Breed’s hill. The British attacked in rows, slowly. Suffering huge losses, 1000 redcoats were killed. Americans are low on gunpowder. “Don’t fire until you see the whites of their eyes” meaning don’t shoot until they are close to you.
Who won the battle of Bunker Hill
Both sides declared victory because the Americans ran away but they killed a lot of people, and the British thought they won because the Americans retreated
What is a traitor?
Someone who betrays their country
What is a preamble?
An introduction. The Declaration of Independence has one. It gives a brief idea of what the document is about.
What are natural rights?
Rights people are born with. They are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.
Who wrote common sense?
Thomas Paine it was a book about needing to be freed from the British. It’s similar to the Declaration ( British wrongs especially ) yet simpler so “regular” people can read it. He only wrote it from one perspective making it sound like two. He said why we should break away from Britain and why we shouldn’t stay with Britain, basically the same thing.
What did Common Sense state?
That the king was a tyrant. Thomas Paine thought that the idea of monarchy is wrong and unjust. People being born into privilege instead of working for it is wrong.
Why was Common Sense significant?
Because it convinced the colonists of the idea of independence. If free, America can make alliances with other countries. It’s a chance to create a better society. They sold over 500,000 copies in 6 months.
Who proposed Independence on July 7th, 1776?
Richard Henry Lee of Virginia
Who were the 5 men on the declaration committee
John Adams, Ben Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, Robert Livingston, and Roger Sherman
Who WROTE the Declaration of Independence?
Thomas Jefferson
Battle of long island
British general William Howe took over long island and New York city.
