UT1 Flashcards
(31 cards)
What are life processes
Maintenance functions essential for survival
Why is energy needed for life processes
To prevent damage and maintain order
What is nutrition
The process of transferring energy and materials from food to the body
What is autotrophic nutrition
Mode of nutrition where organisms make their own food
What are examples of autotrophs
Green plants and some bacteria
What raw materials are used in photosynthesis
Carbon dioxide and water
What are the three steps of photosynthesis
Absorption of light splitting of water and reduction of carbon dioxide
What is the function of chlorophyll
Absorbs light energy for photosynthesis
What is the role of stomata
Allows gaseous exchange and water regulation
What controls the opening and closing of stomata
Guard cells
What is heterotrophic nutrition
Nutrition that involves consuming complex food from other organisms
What are examples of heterotrophs
Animals and fungi
What is parasitic nutrition
Nutrition where organisms derive food from others without killing them
How does Amoeba obtain food
Forms pseudopodia and engulfs food into food vacuole
What is the function of enzymes in digestion
Break down complex substances into simpler ones
What is the human digestive system
A long tube called alimentary canal extending from mouth to anus
What is the role of saliva
Contains amylase which digests starch into sugar
What are peristaltic movements
Rhythmic contractions of canal walls that move food
What happens to food in the stomach
Mixed with gastric juices and partially digested
What does gastric juice contain
Hydrochloric acid pepsin and mucus
What is the function of hydrochloric acid in the stomach
Creates acidic medium for pepsin action
What protects the stomach lining from acid
Mucus
Where does complete digestion occur
Small intestine
What is the function of bile juice
Makes food alkaline and emulsifies fats
