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Physiology > Vessels + Biophysics > Flashcards

Vessels + Biophysics Flashcards

1
Q

What is known as the silent killer?

A

Hypertension

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2
Q

(T/F) There is no cure to hypertension, just prevention and management

A

True

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3
Q

High arterial blood pressure is defined as…

A

Above systolic BP of 140mmHg and above diastolic BP of 90mmHg

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4
Q

What vessel has the highest resistance?

A

Arterioles

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5
Q

Constriction of arterioles (increase/decrease) resistance

A

increase

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6
Q

Dilation of arterioles (increase/decrease) blood flow

A

increase

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7
Q

Constriction of arterioles (increase/decrease) blood flow

A

decrease

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8
Q

Dilation of arterioles (increase/decrease) resistance

A

decrease

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9
Q

What vessel has the largest total cross-sectional area?

A

Capillaries

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10
Q

What vessel serves as a major reservoir of extra blood?

A

Veins

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11
Q

Artery vs Vein

Which has a thin wall?

A

Veins

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12
Q

What is systemic circulation?

A

Carries Oxygenated blood from heart to body and returns deoxygenated back to heart

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13
Q

What is pulmonary circulation?

A

Carries deoxygenated blood from heart to lungs and back to the heart with oxygenated blood

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14
Q

Where is most of the blood in, systemic or pulmonary circulation

A

Systemic (84%)

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15
Q

What vessel has the smallest cross-sectional area?

A

Aorta

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16
Q

The largest pressure drop is in what vessel?

A

Aorta to Arterioles

17
Q

Pressure is highest in what vessel?

A

Aorta (100mmHg)

18
Q

Pressure is lowest in what vessel?

A

Vena cava (4mmHg)

19
Q

Blood flow is the volume of blood that flows through a given tissue in a given time. It must equal to what?

A

Cardiac output

20
Q

What is the cardiac output for males and females?

A

Male: 5.6L/min

Female: 4.9L/min

21
Q

What is the velocity equation?

A

V = F/A

V - Velocity
F - Blood Flow
A - Vascular area

22
Q

Velocity is (directly/indirectly) proportional to blood flow

A

directly

23
Q

Velocity is (directly/indirectly) proportional to cross sectional area

A

indirectly

24
Q

What provides the driving force that keeps blood moving from higher to lower pressure areas?

A

Pressure gradient

25
Q

(T/F) Resistance is the impediment to blood flow in a vessel and is possible to measure it directly

A

False; cannot be measured but rather calculated

26
Q

What vessels are the major determinants of peripheral resistance?

A

Small-diameter arterioles

27
Q

What is the blood flow equation?

A

F = P/R

F - blood flow
P - Change in pressure
R - Resistance

28
Q

Blood flow is (directly/indirectly) proportional to pressure difference

A

Directly

29
Q

Blood flow is (directly/indirectly) proportional to resistance

A

Indirectly

30
Q

Poiseuille’s Law

Blood flow is (directly/indirectly) proportional to the fourth power of the vessel radius

A

Directly

31
Q

Poiseuille’s Law

Blood flow is (directly/indirectly) proportional to the viscosity of the blood

A

Indirectly

32
Q

Poiseuille’s Law

Blood flow is (directly/indirectly) proportional to the length of the vessel

A

Indirectly

33
Q

Poiseuille’s Law

Blood flow is (directly/indirectly) proportional to the pressure gradient

A

Directly

34
Q

(Systolic/Diastolic) pressure is the highest arterial pressure during the cardiac cycle

A

Systolic pressure

35
Q

(Systolic/Diastolic) pressure is the lowest arterial pressure during the cardiac cycle

A

Diastolic pressure

36
Q

When is diastolic pressure measured?

A

Heart relaxes and blood is returned to the heart via the veins

37
Q

When is systolic pressure measured?

A

After the heart contracts and blood is ejected into the arterial

38
Q

What is the most important determinant in arterial pressure?

A

Stroke volume

Physiology (24 decks)

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