Vessels + Biophysics

Question 1

What is known as the silent killer?

Answer 1

Hypertension

Question 2

(T/F) There is no cure to hypertension, just prevention and management

Answer 2

True

Question 3

High arterial blood pressure is defined as…

Answer 3

Above systolic BP of 140mmHg and above diastolic BP of 90mmHg

Question 4

What vessel has the highest resistance?

Answer 4

Arterioles

Question 5

Constriction of arterioles (increase/decrease) resistance

Answer 5

increase

Question 6

Dilation of arterioles (increase/decrease) blood flow

Answer 6

increase

Question 7

Constriction of arterioles (increase/decrease) blood flow

Answer 7

decrease

Question 8

Dilation of arterioles (increase/decrease) resistance

Answer 8

decrease

Question 9

What vessel has the largest total cross-sectional area?

Answer 9

Capillaries

Question 10

What vessel serves as a major reservoir of extra blood?

Answer 10

Veins

Question 11

Artery vs Vein

Which has a thin wall?

Answer 11

Veins

Question 12

What is systemic circulation?

Answer 12

Carries Oxygenated blood from heart to body and returns deoxygenated back to heart

Question 13

What is pulmonary circulation?

Answer 13

Carries deoxygenated blood from heart to lungs and back to the heart with oxygenated blood

Question 14

Where is most of the blood in, systemic or pulmonary circulation

Answer 14

Systemic (84%)

Question 15

What vessel has the smallest cross-sectional area?

Answer 15

Aorta

Question 16

The largest pressure drop is in what vessel?

Answer 16

Aorta to Arterioles

Question 17

Pressure is highest in what vessel?

Answer 17

Aorta (100mmHg)

Question 18

Pressure is lowest in what vessel?

Answer 18

Vena cava (4mmHg)

Question 19

Blood flow is the volume of blood that flows through a given tissue in a given time. It must equal to what?

Answer 19

Cardiac output

Question 20

What is the cardiac output for males and females?

Answer 20

Male: 5.6L/min

Female: 4.9L/min

Question 21

What is the velocity equation?

Answer 21

V = F/A

V - Velocity
F - Blood Flow
A - Vascular area

Question 22

Velocity is (directly/indirectly) proportional to blood flow

Answer 22

directly

Question 23

Velocity is (directly/indirectly) proportional to cross sectional area

Answer 23

indirectly

Question 24

What provides the driving force that keeps blood moving from higher to lower pressure areas?

Answer 24

Pressure gradient

Question 25

(T/F) Resistance is the impediment to blood flow in a vessel and is possible to measure it directly

Answer 25

False; cannot be measured but rather calculated

Question 26

What vessels are the major determinants of peripheral resistance?

Answer 26

Small-diameter arterioles

Question 27

What is the blood flow equation?

Answer 27

F = P/R F - blood flow P - Change in pressure R - Resistance

Question 28

Blood flow is (directly/indirectly) proportional to pressure difference

Answer 28

Directly

Question 29

Blood flow is (directly/indirectly) proportional to resistance

Answer 29

Indirectly

Question 30

Poiseuille's Law Blood flow is (directly/indirectly) proportional to the fourth power of the vessel radius

Answer 30

Directly

Question 31

Poiseuille's Law Blood flow is (directly/indirectly) proportional to the viscosity of the blood

Answer 31

Indirectly

Question 32

Poiseuille's Law Blood flow is (directly/indirectly) proportional to the length of the vessel

Answer 32

Indirectly

Question 33

Poiseuille's Law Blood flow is (directly/indirectly) proportional to the pressure gradient

Answer 33

Directly

Question 34

(Systolic/Diastolic) pressure is the highest arterial pressure during the cardiac cycle

Answer 34

Systolic pressure

Question 35

(Systolic/Diastolic) pressure is the lowest arterial pressure during the cardiac cycle

Answer 35

Diastolic pressure

Question 36

When is diastolic pressure measured?

Answer 36

Heart relaxes and blood is returned to the heart via the veins

Question 37

When is systolic pressure measured?

Answer 37

After the heart contracts and blood is ejected into the arterial

Question 38

What is the most important determinant in arterial pressure?

Answer 38

Stroke volume