viruses + bacteria

Question 1

what types of organisms do viruses infect?

Answer 1

the 6 kingdom:
- eubacteria
- archaebacteria
- protists
- fungi
- plants
- animals

Question 2

which kingdom of life are viruses a part of?

Answer 2

none of them

Question 3

why are viruses not considered living things?

Answer 3

because they cannot reproduce

Question 4

microorganism

Answer 4

can only be seen under a microscope (bacteria and viruses)

Question 5

virus

Answer 5

a disease-causing agent that needs a hot cell

Question 6

host cell

Answer 6

the virus infects and copies itself inside this cell

Question 7

pathogen

Answer 7

disease causing agent

Question 8

what is the innermost layer of a virus

Answer 8

nucleic acid (DNA or RNA, genetic material)

Question 9

what is the outer layer of a virus?

Answer 9

capsid: protective protein coat

Question 10

optional outermost layer?

Answer 10

envelope: another protective layer outside the capsid

Question 11

how do viruses get into a host cell?

Answer 11

the virus attaches to proteins on the cell membrane, needs a puzzle piece fit between virus and host cell

Question 12

what are the 2 ways that viruses reproduce

Answer 12

1. Lytic cycle: viruses enter host cell, make lots of copies, the burst out of cell (killing the host cell), a typical lytic cycle takes about 30 minutes and produces about 200 new viruses
2. Lysogenic cycle: slower and sneakier, virus adds its dna to hot cell (tricks cell into copying the virus DNA, after some time the virus enters the lytic cycle