Viruses, Bacteria, Etc

Question 1

What are the three structure types of bacteria?

Answer 1

Spirillum(spiral like)
Bacillus(rod shaped)
Coccus(spherical)

Question 2

What are three types of coccus and their structures?

Answer 2

Diplococcus-paired cells- two circle shaped attached
Staphylococcus-grape like structure
Streptococcus- line of coccus-chain like

Question 3

Bacteria reproduction

Answer 3

Asexual-binary fission

Sexual-conjugation- genetic material exchanged

Question 4

What is nitrogen fixation?

Answer 4

Process in which some bacteria convert n2 gas into ammonia

Question 5

Are bacteria eukaryotes or prokaryotes

Answer 5

Prokaryotes

Question 6

Are bacteria unicellular or multicellular

Answer 6

Unicellular

Question 7

All bacteria have…

Answer 7

Cell walls

Question 8

Bacteria have circular DNA called..

Answer 8

Plasmids

Question 9

Bacteria can be anaerobes or aerobes

Answer 9

anaerobes -can live in presence w/out oxygen

aerobes -can live in presence of oxygen

Question 10

Bacteria can be autographs or heterotrophs

Answer 10

Autotrophs-make own food

Heterotrophs- rely on others to get food

Question 11

What is a virus

Answer 11

A microscopic particle that can infect a host. They are primarily coated in a coat also known as a capsid and nucleic acid. They are extremely small, and have different parts

Question 12

Bacteriaphages?

Answer 12

They are viruses that infect bacteria

Question 13

Know how to label a bacteriophage

Answer 13

Yay

Question 14

What is the viral structure

Answer 14

Capsids -protein coat around the nucleic acid

Envelope-outer protective coat are of lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins

Question 15

Steps in the lytic cycle

Answer 15

Attach- absorption of phage to host cell
Enter-entry of phage/nucleic acid
Replicate- phage proteins synthesize and genetic material replicate. The host is then degraded of chromosomes
Assemble- assembles phages within host
Release- cells bursts and frees the phages

Question 16

What are prophage and lysogenic?

Answer 16

Prophage- viral DNA in host cell when infected

Lysogenic- nucleic material attaches to host DNA and emails dormant

Question 17

Know the terms bacteriophage,retrovirus,viroid,and prion

Answer 17

Bacteriophage-virus that can only affect bacteria
Retrovirus-contains reverse transcriptase
Viroid-single strand of DNA
Prion-protein molecule that causes diseases in animals

Question 18

What are the two kingdoms in bacteria?

Answer 18

Archaebacteria- extremists

Eubacteria- heterotrophs, autotrophs, saprobes