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Y2 LCRS Neuroscience and Mental Health > vision > Flashcards

Flashcards in vision Deck (20)
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1
Q

anterior and posterior segments of eye

A

slide 15

2
Q

what is the anterior segment of eye

A

ocular structure anterior to lens

3
Q

what is the posterior segment of eye

A

ocular structure posterior to lens

4
Q

where is in the anterior segment

A

anterior chamber (between cornea and lens) and posterior chamber (behind posterior of iris and in fornt of lens)

5
Q

what is anterior chamber filled with and function

A

clear aqueous fluid which supplies nutrients (cornea transparent so no blood vessels; receives glucose as O2 supplied from air)

6
Q

diagram of ciliary body

A

slide 16

7
Q

function of ciliary body

A

secretes aqueous fluid in the eye

8
Q

flow of aqueous fluid

A

ciliary body -> anteriorly into anterior chamber -> supplies nutrients -> drained out via trabecular meshwork

9
Q

2 drainage systems of aqueous fluid

A

trabecular meshwork canal of Schlemm 80-90%; uveal-scleral outflow passive absorption 10-20%

10
Q

diagram of aqueous fluid flow

A

slide 17

11
Q

what is glaucoma

A

sustainted raised intraocular pressure (typically >21mmHg; only modifiable risk factor) causing structural damage to optic nerve

12
Q

pathophsyiology of glaucoma

A

retinal ganglion death and enlarged optic disc cupping

13
Q

signs of glaucoma

A

visual field loss (brain fills patches of blindness with whatever around it), blindness

14
Q

2 types of glaucoma

A

primary open angle glaucoma (most common), closed angle glaucoma

15
Q

what causes primary open angle glaucoma

A

trabecular meshwork dysfunction

16
Q

pathophysiology of closed angle glaucoma

A

increased intraocular pressure pushes iris/lens complex forward, blocking trabecular meshwork -> vicious cycle

17
Q

risk factors for closed angle glaucoma

A

small eye (hypermetropia), narrow angle at trabecular network

18
Q

what may closed angle glaucoma present with

A

acute or chronic, so may present with sudden painful red eye with acute drop in vision

19
Q

closed angle glaucoma treatment

A

peripheral laser iridotomy to create iris drainage hole

20
Q

diagram showing primary open angle glaucoma vs closed angle glaucoma

A

slide 18