Vitamins/cofactors Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Vitamins/cofactors Deck (16)
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0
Q

Vitamin required for NAD/NADP synthesis

A

Niacin

1
Q

Three uses for redox factors

A

Detoxification
Biosynthesis
Fuel oxidation

3
Q

This aa can be converted to niacin

A

Tryptophan

4
Q

Niacin deficiency disease

A

Pellagra

5
Q

NAD+ function(s)

A

Fuel oxidation

6
Q

NADP+ function(s)

A

Detoxification

Biosynthesis

7
Q

FMN and FAD are prosthetic groups/cofactors

A

Prosthetic groups

8
Q

What is interesting about how FAD is reduced?

A

Reduced at two different carbons by two single electron transfers

9
Q

Vitamin that FAD and FMN are derived from

A

Riboflavin (B2)

10
Q

Test to measure riboflavin deficiency

A

Erythrocyte glutathione reductase assay: measures enzyme activity by measuring beginning activity then with added FAD

11
Q

4 Important functions of ascorbic acid

A
  1. Spontaneous free radical neutralization
  2. Hydroxylase cofactor: collagen synthesis
  3. Neurotransmitter synthesis
  4. Oxygen sensing
12
Q

Vitamin C is a cofactor adding an –OH to which amino acid in collagen?

A

Proline –> 5-hydroxyproline

13
Q

Describe how vitamin C acts to measure oxygen levels

A

Cofactor in hydroxylase rxn in the degradation of hypoxia initiation factor. If HIF is not degraded it signals hypoxia.

14
Q

Diagnosis of scruvy

A

Oral ascorbic acid bolus and subsequent urinalysis for excreted amount of vitamin C

15
Q

NADH is oxidized by what metal ion in complex I of electron transport chain?

A

Fe

16
Q

3 steps of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA

A
  1. Binding of pyruvate to thiamine pyrophosphate (release CO2)
  2. Acetyl group transferred to lipoamide
  3. Acetyl group transferred to CoA