vocab

Question 1

affluence

Answer 1

the state of having a great deal of money; wealth

Question 2

affluenza

Answer 2

a psychological malaise supposedly affecting wealthy young people, symptoms of which include a lack of motivation, feelings of guilt, and a sense of isolation.

Question 3

biodiversity

Answer 3

the variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat or ecosystem.

Question 4

chemical cycling

Answer 4

systems of repeated circulation of chemicals between other compounds, states and materials, and back to their original state.

Question 5

common property resource

Answer 5

can be freely consumed or enjoyed by anyone, but their use by one person diminishes their availability to others

Question 6

conservation

Answer 6

prevention of wasteful use of a resource.

Question 7

developed country

Answer 7

a sovereign state that has a high quality of life

Question 8

developing country

Answer 8

a poor agricultural country that is seeking to become more advanced economically and socially.

Question 9

ecological footprint

Answer 9

the impact of a person or community on the environment, expressed as the amount of land required to sustain their use of natural resources.

Question 10

ecology

Answer 10

the branch of biology that deals with the relations of organisms to one another and to their physical surroundings.

Question 11

ecosystem

Answer 11

a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.

Question 12

ecosystem services

Answer 12

Ecosystem services are the direct and indirect benefits that ecosystems provide humans.

Question 13

environment

Answer 13

the surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or plant lives or operates.

Question 14

environmental degradation

Answer 14

a process through which the natural environment is compromised in some way

Question 15

environmental ethics

Answer 15

all the moral duties we have towards the environment are derived from our direct duties to its human inhabitants.

Question 16

environmental science

Answer 16

an interdisciplinary field that integrates scientific methods and disciplines to understand and address real world

Question 17

environmentalism

Answer 17

concern about and action aimed at protecting the environment

Question 18

environmental worldview

Answer 18

collective beliefs and values that give people a sense of how the world works, their role in the environment, and right and wrong behaviors toward the environment.

Question 19

EPA

Answer 19

responsible for the protection of human health and the environment

Question 20

exhaustible resource

Answer 20

Any non‐renewable resource

Question 21

exponential growth

Answer 21

growth whose rate becomes ever more rapid in proportion to the growing total number or size.

Question 22

full-cost pricing

Answer 22

a practice where the price of a product is calculated by a firm on the basis of its direct costs per unit of output plus a markup to cover overhead costs and profits.

Question 23

gross domestic product

Answer 23

measures the monetary value of final goods and services

Question 24

inexhaustible resource

Answer 24

present in large amounts.

Question 25

input pollution control

Answer 25

any of a variety of means employed to limit damage done to the environment by the discharge of harmful substances and energies

Question 26

less developed country

Answer 26

a Third World or non-industrialized country.

Question 27

more developed country

Answer 27

A highly industrialized country

Question 28

natural capital

Answer 28

the natural resources and environmental features in a given area, regarded as having economic value or providing a service to humankind.

Question 29

natural income

Answer 29

the value of the natural capital that humans consume

Question 30

natural capital degradation

Answer 30

Working against nature

Question 31

natural resources

Answer 31

materials from the Earth that are used to support life and meet people's needs

Question 32

natural services

Answer 32

the benefits that nature provides to people

Question 33

non-point source pollution

Answer 33

caused by rainfall or snowmelt moving over and through the ground

Question 34

nutrient cycling

Answer 34

a cyclic process that encompasses the movement of nutrients from the physical environment to living organisms and back to the environment

Question 35

output pollution control

Answer 35

the flow of pollutants through all sectors of the economy

Question 36

per capita ecological footprint

Answer 36

equal to a country's total EFC divided by its population

Question 37

point source pollution

Answer 37

any single identifiable source of pollution from which pollutants are discharged

Question 38

scientific principles of sustainability

Answer 38

solar energy, biodiversity, and nutrient cycling

Question 39

social science principles of sustainability

Answer 39

social equity, community participation, and environmental protection

Question 40

sustainability

Answer 40

meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs

Question 41

sustainability revolution

Answer 41

the movement that seeks to change how people relate to natural resources

Question 42

sustainable yeild

Answer 42

the harvest of a specific (self-renewing) natural resource