Vocabulary Midterm Vis. Comm. Flashcards
beard line
an imaginary line that runs along the bottoms of descenders
base line
an imaginary line upon which the base of each capital rests
mean line
an imaginary line that establishes the height of the body of lowercase letters
cap line
an imaginary line that runs along the top of the capital letters
ascender
a stoke on a lower case letter that rises above the meanline
descender
a stoke on a lowercase letterform that falls below the baseline
counterform
the negative space that is fully or partially enclosed by a letterform
terminal
the end of any stroke that does not terminate with a serif
stem
a major vertical or diagonal stroke in the letterform
eye
the enclosed part of the lowercase “e”
fillet
the contoured edge that connects the serif and stem in bracketed serifs. (bracketed serifs are connected to the main stroke by this curved edge; unbracketed serifs connect to the main stroke with an abrupt angle without this contoured transition)
crossbar
the horizontal stroke connecting two sides of the letterform (as in e, A, and H) or bisecting the main stroke (as in f and t)
stress
the stress of letters, which is a prominent visual axis resulting from the relationships between thick and thin strokes, may be left-angled, vertical, or right angled in appearance
x-height
this proportional characteristic can vary immensely in different typefaces of the same size. typically, x-heights are considered to be “tall” when they are at least two-thirds the height of capital letters. they are “short” when they measure one=half the height of capital letters
classifications (6 types)
Old Style Italic Transitional Modern Egyptian Sans Serif
egyptian
slab serif
bracketed
serif is unified with the stoke by a tapered, curved line
non-bracketed
without the tapered, curved line connecting serif to stroke
set width
an expression of the ratio between the black vertical strokes of the letterforms and the intervals of white between them.
letterpress
printing from a hard, raised image under pressure, using viscous ink
movable type
the system of printing and typography that uses movable components to reproduce the elements of a document (usually individual letters or punctuation).
offset lithography
the process of printing from a flat surface treated so as to repel the ink except where it is required for printing.
points
the smallest unit of measure, being a subdivision of the larger pica.
picas
a typographic unit of measure corresponding to 1⁄72 of its respective foot, and therefore to 1⁄6 of an inch.
12 points = ? pica
1
6 picas = ? in
1
72 points = ? in
1
gutenberg/gutenberg bible
first thing printed