conjunctiva
delicate membrane lining the undersurface of the eyelid and covering the anterior eyeball
conjunctiva
delicate membrane lining the undersurface of the eyelid and covering the anterior eyeball
iris
pigmented (colored) layer that opens and closes to allow more or less light to enter the eye
iris
pigmented (colored) layer that opens and closes to allow more or less light to enter the eye
lens
transparent, biconvex body behind the pupil of the eye. it bends (refracts) light ray to bring them into focus on the retina
lens
transparent, biconvex body behind the pupil of the eye. it bends (refracts) light ray to bring them into focus on the retina
pupil
central opening of the eye, surrounded by the iris, through which light rays pass. it appears dark
pupil
central opening of the eye, surrounded by the iris, through which light rays pass. it appears dark
sclera
tough, white outer coat of the eyeball
sclera
tough, white outer coat of the eyeball
astigmatism
defective curvature of the cornea or lens of the eye
astigmatism
defective curvature of the cornea or lens of the eye
hyperopia (hypermetropia)
farsightedness
hyperopia (hypermetropia)
farsightedness
myopia
nearsightedness
myopia
nearsightedness
presbyopia
impairment of vision as a result of old age
presbyopia
impairment of vision as a result of old age
cataract
clouding of the lens, causing decreased vision
cataract
clouding of the lens, causing decreased vision
chalazion
small, hard, cystic mass (granuloma) on the eyelid. NOT A STYE
chalazion
small, hard, cystic mass (granuloma) on the eyelid. NOT A STYE
diabetic retinopathy
retinal effects of diabetes mellitus include microaneurisms, hemorrhages, dilation of retinal veins, and neovascularization (new blood vessels form in the retina)
diabetic retinopathy
retinal effects of diabetes mellitus include microaneurisms, hemorrhages, dilation of retinal veins, and neovascularization (new blood vessels form in the retina)
glaucoma
increased intraocular pressure results in damage to the retina and optic nervewith loss of vision
glaucoma
increased intraocular pressure results in damage to the retina and optic nervewith loss of vision
hordeolum (sty or stye)
localized, purulent, inflammatory staphylococcal infection of the sebaceaous gland in the eyelid
hordeolum (sty or stye)
localized, purulent, inflammatory staphylococcal infection of the sebaceaous gland in the eyelid
macular degeneration
progressive damage to the macula of the retina
macular degeneration
progressive damage to the macula of the retina
drusen
deposits of clumps of extracellular debris
drusen
deposits of clumps of extracellular debris
retinal detachment
two layers of the retina separate from each other
retinal detachment
two layers of the retina separate from each other
strabismus
abnormal deviation of the eye
strabismus
abnormal deviation of the eye
estropia
one eye turns inward; cross-eyed
estropia
one eye turns inward; cross-eyed
exotropia
one eye turns outward; wall-eyed
exotropia
one eye turns outward; wall-eyed
hypertropia
upward deviation of the eye
hypertropia
upward deviation of the eye
hypotropia
downward deviation of one eye
hypotropia
downward deviation of one eye
amblyopia
partial loss of vision or lazy eye
amblyopia
partial loss of vision or lazy eye
diplopia
double vision
diplopia
double vision
ophthalmoscopy
visual examination of the interior of the eye
ophthalmoscopy
visual examination of the interior of the eye
visual acuity test
clarity of vision assessed (snellen chart)
visual acuity test
clarity of vision assessed (snellen chart)
visual field test
measurement of the area within which objects are seen when the eyes are fixed, looking straight ahead without movement of the head
visual field test
measurement of the area within which objects are seen when the eyes are fixed, looking straight ahead without movement of the head
enucleation
removal of the entire eyeball
enucleation
removal of the entire eyeball
keratoplasty
surgical repair of the cornea
keratoplasty
surgical repair of the cornea
laser photocoagulation
intense, precisely focused light beam (argon laser) creates an inflammatory reaction that seals retinal tears and leaky retinal blood vessels
laser photocoagulation
intense, precisely focused light beam (argon laser) creates an inflammatory reaction that seals retinal tears and leaky retinal blood vessels
LASIK
use of an excimer laser to correct errors of refraction (myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism)
LASIK
use of an excimer laser to correct errors of refraction (myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism)
virectomy
removal of the vitreous humor
virectomy
removal of the vitreous humor
auditory canal
channel that leads from the pinna to the eardrum
auditory meatus
auditory canal
auditory tube
channel between the middle ear and the nasopharynx
auricle
flap of the ear; the protruding part of the external ear, or pinna
cerumen
waxy substance secreted by the external ear; aka earwax
eustachian tube
auditory tube
incus
second ossicle of the middle ear. aka anvil
labyrinth
maze-like series of canals of the inner ear. this includes the cochlea, vestuble, and semicircular canals
malleus
first ossicle of the middle ear. aka hammer
ossicle
small bone of the ear; malleus, incus, and stapes
pinna
auricle; flap of the ear
semicircular canals
passages in the inner ear associated with maintaining equilibrium
stapes
third ossicle of the middle ear. aka stirrup
tympanic membrane
membrane between the outer and the middle ear; eardrum
acoustic neuroma
benign tumor arising from the acoustic vestibulocochlear nerve in the brain
cholesteatoma
collection of skin cells and cholesterol in a sac within the middle ear
deafness
loss of the ability to hear
Meniere disease
disorder of the labyrinth of the inner ear; elevated endolymph pressure within the cochlea and semicircular canals
otitis media
inflammation of the inner ear
suppurative otitis media
pus formation caused by bacteria in the middle ear
serous otitis media
a noninfectous inflammation with accumulation of serous fluid
otosclerosis
hardening of the bony tissue of the middle ear
tinnitus
sensation of noises in the ear
vertigo
sensation of irregular or whirling motion either of oneself or of external objects
otoscopy
visual examination of the ear canal with an otoscope