Water Flashcards
What is the chemical structure of water
The negative electrons in the bond are puller towards the oxygen and away from the hydrogen
What does the chemical structure of water make it
Makes the oxygen atom slightly negative and the hydrogen atom slightly positive
What does polar mean
It has an opposite charge each end of the molecule
Water is polar
What give water it’s useful properties
Weak hydrogen bonds are formed between molecules where the slightly negative oxygen in one molecule is attracted to the slightly positive hydrogen on a different water molecule
How does cohesion important in water
The hydrogen bonding means they show cohesion
This allows water to be pulled up in a continuous column in the xylem of plants
What does cohesion also give water
Surface tension which can support small organisms such as pond skaters and form droplets in skin for sweating
How is water important in reaction
Water is a metabolite in hydrolysis reactions, condensation reactions, photosynthesis and respirations
How is it important that water is used as a solvent
Allows for chemical reactions to occur in a solution
The transport of substances
(Because water is polar)
How is it important that water has a large latent heat of vaporisation
For water to turn from a liquid to as gas the hydrogen bonds must be broken which requires lots of energy
This is useful in cooling body temperature with sweating or panting as a lot of heat energy can be removed through evaporation of water reducing dehydration
How is it important that water has a high specific heat capacity
It takes a lot of energy to increase the temperature of water as most energy is used to break the hydrogen bonds rather than release heat to increase temperatures
This is useful as it buffers the change in body temperature
Makes water a good habitat for other organisms as the temperature doesn’t change as much
full structure of water
Water consists of one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms.
2
Water is a polar molecule. The oxygen atoms in water are slightly negatively charged, and the hydrogen atoms are slightly positively charged.
3
The polarity of water molecules means that a hydrogen atom on one water molecule is attracted to the oxygen atom on another water molecule.
4
This attraction is called hydrogen bonding.
Why does ice float on water?
the lattice structure of ice created by hydrogen bonding makes ice less dense than the freely flowing molecules of liquid water
