WATER CYCLE & GENERAL RIVERS Flashcards

1
Q

What is meant by the river source?

A

It is where the river begins.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is meant by the river mouth.?

A

It is where the river flows into the sea or a lake.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is meant by a confluence?

A

It is the point where two tributaries join.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is meant by a tributary?

A

It is a smaller river that follows into a larger river.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is meant by evaporation?

A

It is when water in the sea, lakes or any other form of water on the earth’s surface changes from a liquid into a gas due to been heated by insolation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is meant condensation?

A

It is when air containing water vapour is cooled and turns into a water droplets.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is meant by overland flow?

A

It is when water flows over the surface of the ground into a river.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is meant by infiltration?

A

This is when water that has fall onto the ground soaks vertically into the soil below.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is meant by interception?

A

This is when vegetation stops the precipitation from reaching the ground.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is meant by through flow?

A

This is when water that has infiltrated into the soil moves horizontally to a river.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is meant by ground flow?

A

This is when water that has percolated into the bedrock flows horizontally through these rocks to a river.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is meant by percolation?

A

This is when water soaks from the soil into the underlying bedrock.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is meant by evapotranspiration?

A

It is where water is returned to the atmosphere from when a plant transpiring and when water evaporates from the earths surface.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

List the four main ways a river erodes.

A

They are hydraulic action, abrasion, attrition and corrosion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is meant by hydraulic action?

A

It is the actual force of the moving water wearing away the bed and banks of the river.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is meant by abrasion?

A

It is the wearing away of the bed and banks of river by the load that it is carrying.

17
Q

What is meant by attrition?

A

It is the wearing away of the load as the particles bump against each other while being transported downstream.

18
Q

What is meant by corrosion?

A

It is where the river bed and banks along with its load been dissolved b y weak acids in the river water.

19
Q

List the four main ways a river transport it load.

A

They are solution, suspension, traction and saltation.

20
Q

Explain the two conditions that may lead to overland flow happening.

A

It happens when the soil is saturated and no more water can soak into the soil or when infiltration rates are greater than the soils infiltration capacity.

21
Q

What is meant by a soils infiltration capacity?

A

It is the rate that precipitation can soak into the soil. It is measured in millimetres per hour.

22
Q

What is meant by infiltration rate?

A

It is the actual rate that precipitation is landing on the soil and is measured in millimetres per hour.

23
Q

What are the two main climatic conditions that would increase the rate of evapotranspiration

A

It would increase when temperatures and wind speeds increase.

24
Q

What are the two main climatic conditions that would lead to high levels of overland flow.

A

It would be high when the soak is saturated after steady prolonged rainfall or very intense rainfall.

25
Q

What is meant by the term drainage basin?

A

It is the area of land that drains into one river and its tributaries.

26
Q

What is meant by the term watershed?

A

It is the dividing line between two drainage basins.

27
Q

What is meant by the term traction?

A

It is when large pieces of load rolls along a river bed.

28
Q

What is meant by the term saltation?

A

It is when the load bounces along a river bed.

29
Q

What is meant by the term suspension?

A

It is when smaller pieces of load are transported downstream in the rivers flow.

30
Q

What is meant by the term solution?

A

It is when dissolved pieces of material are transported in a solution.

31
Q

What is meant by the term flotation?

A

It is when material is transported on the surface of the river.

32
Q

What is meant by the term drainage basin?

A

It is the area of land that drains into one river and its tributaries.

33
Q

What is meant by the term watershed?

A

It is the dividing line between two drainage basins.

34
Q

What is meant by the term traction?

A

It is when large pieces of load rolls along a river bed.

35
Q

What is meant by the term saltation?

A

It is when the load bounces along a river bed.

36
Q

What is meant by the term suspension?

A

It is when smaller pieces of load are transported downstream in the rivers flow.

37
Q

What is meant by the term solution?

A

It is when dissolved pieces of material are transported in a solution.

38
Q

What is meant by the term flotation?

A

It is when material is transported on the surface of the river.