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Physics > Waves > Flashcards

Waves Flashcards

1
Q

What frequency is ultrasound?

A

A sound with a frequency above 20,000 Hz

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2
Q

What frequency is infrasound?

A

A sound with a frequency lower than 20 Hz

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3
Q

What is the equation for speed?

A 
Speed = distance / time
Distance = speed x time
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4
Q

What are seismic waves?

A

Waves that travel through the earth due to movement of the crust

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5
Q

What are the 2 seismic waves?

A 
Primary waves (p-waves)
Secondary (s-waves)
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6
Q

Which wave is the fastest/slowest

A

Primary - faster

Secondary - Slower

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7
Q

What type of waves are primary and what do they travel through?

A

Longitudinal
Travel through solids and liquids
Least destructive

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8
Q

What type of waves are secondary and what do they travel through?

A

TranSverse
Travel through solids
Most destructive

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9
Q

How do we detect earthquakes?

A

Calculate the epicentre by using seismometer readings

Draw three circle using readings for the radius, where three circles meet that is the epicentre

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10
Q

How does ultrasound work?

A

The ultrasound waves reflect off of the foetus and forms an image

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11
Q

What is the electromagnetic spectrum from left to right?

A 
Radio 
Microwaves 
Infra red
Visible
Ultra violet
X Ray
Gamma
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12
Q

What is the acronym to remember the electromagnetic spectrum?

A 
Randy 
Men
In
Versace
Underpants
eXcite
Girls
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13
Q

What frequency and wavelength does a radio wave have?

A

Low frequency and long wavelength

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14
Q

Explain why there is a time delay in receiving radio transmissions in the UK from Australia.

A

The wave is transmitted via satellite so the wave has to travel a long distance

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15
Q

‘Mobile phones do not use ionising radiation so they are completely safe.’

Discuss the accuracy of this statement about safety.

A

It is true that microwaves are not ionising, but ionisation isn’t the only way to cause damage, microwaves cause internal heating in body cells/ tissue

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16
Q

The outside layer of the Earth is made up of tectonic plates. These plates are moving
very slowly.

Explain what causes the plates to move.

A

Movement in the mantle caused by convection currents

17
Q

Are ultraviolet waves Transverse or longitudinal?

A

Transverse

18
Q

Describe one way an earthquake can be caused.

A

Plates trying to slide past each other, sudden slippage of the plates causes an earthquake

19
Q

In a reflecting telescope, Explain why the light rays and infrared rays converge towards the same point.

A

Laws of reflection, equal angles, so it is the same for both waves

20
Q

What type of waves are electromagnetic waves?

A

Transverse waves

21
Q

When a wave is shifted, what colour does it shift towards?

A

Red (red shift)

22
Q

Explain why the line has shifted towards the certain end of the spectrum?

A

Galaxies that are further away have greater red shift, therefore the wavelength has increased

24
Q

Can longitudinal waves pass through a vacuum?

A

No

25
Q

Are ultrasound waves Transverse or longitudinal?

A

Longitudinal

26
Q

How and what did Herschel discover?

A

Herschel discovered infra red
Using a prism to break up visible light, he measured the temperature,using a thermometer, of each colour
He noticed that as he went from violet to red, temperature increased
He measured the temperature after red, he found this was the hottest, infra red.

27
Q

How and what did Ritter discover?

A

Ultraviolet rays at the other end of the spectrum
Using silver chloride paper that turns black when exposed to light
At the other end, it turned black fastest after violet.

28
Q

What are longitudinal Waves?

A

Vibrations/ oscillations are in the same direction as the wave is traveling

29
Q

What are transverse waves?

A

Vibrations/ oscillations are at 90 degrees to the direction

30
Q

What are some uses of radio Waves?

A

Broadcasting TV and radio signals and transmitting satellite signals

31
Q

What are some us s of microwaves?

A 
Communication to and from satellites 
Cooking food (heats water)
32
Q

What is infra red used for?

A

Monitor or detect heat
Cooking food
R mote controls

33
Q

What are some uses of ultra violet?

A

Tanning beds

Detecting fake bank notes

34
Q

What are some uses of X Rays?

A

Detecting broken bones

Airport security

35
Q

What are some uses of gamma?

A

Killing cancerous cells

Sterilising food

36
Q

What are some uses of ultrasound?

A

Sonar in boats detects depth of ocean

Foetal scannings

37
Q

What are s me uses of infrasound?

A

Communication between animals

Detect volcanic eruptions from a long distance away

Physics (6 decks)

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