week 10 part 1 Flashcards
(90 cards)
Define Schizophrenia
A disorder characterised by loss of contact with the environment
- Disintegration in the level of functioning in everyday life
- Disintegration of personality
- Expressed as a disorder of feeling, thought, perception and behaviour
What is the definition and schizophrenia studied by?
Behavioural neuroscience
When was it thought that schizophrenia was a disease of a mind?
Last 50 years
What is the prevalence of schizophrenia?
- Most common mental illness
2. 1-2% of the population
Who has schizophrenia?
- 12.5% 3rd-degree relatives
- 25% 2nd-degree relatives
- 50% 1st-degree relatives
What does demographics of schizophrenia tell us?
A little bit about the origin of the disease
Where is schizophrenia common in?
- All cultures, genders and race
2. Men tend to develop symptoms earlier
What is the peak onset of schizophrenia?
Age group: 18-25 years
What are the symptoms for schizophrenia
- Adapted from DSM-V
- Describe clinical symptoms of behaviour which are either an exaggerating of existence characteristics of trait or reduction or duration of behaviours
- Positive and Negative symptoms
What are the positive symptoms of schizophrenia?
- exaggerations or distortions of normal processes or behaviours
- Delusions
- Hallucination
- Disorganised thinking
- Inappropriate behaviour
- Catatonia
- Include cognitive and mood symptoms
What are the negative symptoms of schizophrenia?
- Flat effect - absence of normal behaviour or emotion
- Social withdrawal
- Absence of emotion and expression
- Reduced energy, motivation and activity
- poor hygiene
- Include cognitive and mood symptoms
Positive symptoms
- Delusion (often paranoid)
- Hallucinations
- Disorganised speech
- Disorganised or catatonic behaviour
Negative symptoms
- Social withdrawal
- Flat emotional response
- Anhedonia
- Lack of motivation
What are more responsive to therapeutic drugs?
Postive symptoms
Which symptom is more difficult to treat?
Negative symptoms
What does positive symptoms refer to?
Mental disturbances in the patient’s perception of reality that do not exist objectively
Hallucination
Tend to be in auditory mode rather visual mode
Take form of voices being heard in the head or thinking their thoughts are being broadcast
What is catatonic behaviour
- Abnormality of movement and behaviour due to disturbed mental state
- Withdrawn from society
What does negative symptoms refer to?
Mental abilities which the patient has lost or abilities that the patient can no longer perform
What is flat emotional response?
inappropriate response to emotion such as someone laughing when there is a funerial
What is anhedonia?
When a person doesn’t experience pleasure in anything
What are key symptoms of depression?
- Anhedonia
2. Lack of motivation
What is aetiology?
- Cause, or set of causes, or manner of causation of a disease or condition
What is the early stage of schizophrenia aetiology called?
Prenatal childhood