Week 13 - Blood System

Question 1

Albumin

Answer 1

protein in blood, maintains the proper amount of water in blood

Question 2

Antibody

Answer 2

Ab; specific protein (immunoglobulin) produced by lymphocytes in response to bacteria, viruses, or other antigens

Question 3

Antigen

Answer 3

substance (usually foreign) that stimulates the production of an antibody

Question 4

Anticoagulant

Answer 4

having the effect of retarding or inhibiting the coagulation of the blood

Question 5

Basophil

Answer 5

leukocyte; responds to allergens; release histamine and heparin

Question 6

Globulin

Answer 6

plasma protein; alpha, beta, and gamma

Question 7

Coagulation

Answer 7

blood clotting

Question 8

Differentiation

Answer 8

change in structure and function of a cell as it matures; specialization

Question 9

Colony-stimulating factor

Answer 9

CSF; protein that stimulates growth of WBCs (granulocytes)

Question 10

Electrophoresis

Answer 10

method of seperating serum proteins by electrical charge

Question 11

Erythrocytes

Answer 11

RBC

Question 12

Eosinophil

Answer 12

WBC containing granules that stain red; associated with allergic reactions

Question 13

Fibrinogen

Answer 13

plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in the clotting process

Question 14

Hemolytic anemia

Answer 14

reduction in red cells due to excessive destruction

Question 15

Hematopoiesis

Answer 15

production of all types of blood cells including formation, development, and differentiation of blood cells

Question 16

Hemoglobin

Answer 16

blood protein containing iron; carries oxygen in RBCs

Question 17

Hematopoietic stem cell

Answer 17

cell in the bone marrow that gives rise to all types of blood cells

Question 18

Fibrin

Answer 18

protein that forms the basis of a blood clot

Question 19

Neutrophil

Answer 19

granulocytic leukocyte formed in bone marrow; phagocytic tissue-fighting cell; polymorphonuclear leukocyte

Question 20

Pernicious anemia

Answer 20

lack of mature erythrocytes caused by inability to absorb vitamin B12 into the bloodstream

Question 21

Hemolysis

Answer 21

destruction or breakdown of RBCs

Question 22

Heparin

Answer 22

anticoagulant found in blood and tissue cells

Question 23

Prothrombin

Answer 23

plasma protein; converted to thrombin in the clotting process

Question 24

Rh factor

Answer 24

antigen on RBCs of Rh-positive individuals

Question 25

Serum

Answer 25

plasma minus clotting proteins and cells

Question 26

Stem cell

Answer 26

unspecialized cell that gives rise to mature specialized forms

Question 27

Thrombin

Answer 27

enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation

Question 28

Thrombocyte

Answer 28

platelet

Question 29

Thrombosis

Answer 29

local coagulation or clotting of the blood in a part of the circulatory system

Question 30

Reticulocyte

Answer 30

immature erythrocyte

Question 31

Leukocyte

Answer 31

WBC

Question 32

Lymphocyte

Answer 32

mononuclear leukocyte that produces antibodies

Question 33

Bilirubin

Answer 33

orange yellow pigment in bile; formed by the breakdown of Hgb when RBCs are destroyed

Question 34

Sickle cell anemia

Answer 34

hereditary disorder of abnormal Hgb producing sickle-shaped erythrocytes and hemolysis

Question 35

Hypochromic

Answer 35

Cells have reduced color (less hgb)

Question 36

Erthropoietin

Answer 36

EPO; hormone secreted by kidneys; stimulates RBC formation

Question 37

Mononuclear

Answer 37

pertaining to a cell (leukocyte) with a single round nucleus

Question 38

Macrophage

Answer 38

monocyte that migrates from the blood to tissue spaces; engulfs foreign material and debris

Question 39

Megakaryocyte

Answer 39

large platelet precursor cell found in bone marrow

Question 40

Monoblast

Answer 40

found in bone marrow, immature monocytes (macrophages)

Question 41

Monocyte

Answer 41

leukocyte with one large nucleus; phagocyte cell that becomes a macrophage

Question 42

Myeloblast

Answer 42

immature bone marrow that gives rise to granulocytes

Question 43

Anisocytosis

Answer 43

RBCs are unequal in size

Question 44

Phagocyte

Answer 44

type of cell within the body capable of engulfing and absorbing bacteria and other small cells and particles

Question 45

Plasma

Answer 45

liquid portion of blood; contains water, proteins, salts, nutrients, lipids, hormones, and vitamins

Question 46

Platelet

Answer 46

small blood fragment that collects at sites of injury to begin the clotting process

Question 47

Plasmapheresis

Answer 47

removal of plasma from withdrawn blood by centrifuge. Collected cells are retransfused back int the donor.

Question 48

Polymorphonuclear

Answer 48

pertaining to WBC with a multi-lobes; neutrophil

Question 49

Immunoglobin

Answer 49

protein (globulin) with antibody activity IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE, IgD

Question 50

Granulocytopenia

Answer 50

marked decrease in the number of granulocytes