Week 2: Factors Affecting Wound Healing (Ch 3) Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Week 2: Factors Affecting Wound Healing (Ch 3) Deck (30)
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1
Q

What is an acute wound?

A

a wound induced by surgery or trauma in an otherwise healthy individual (progresses through normal phases of wound healing in predictable time and manner)

2
Q

What is a chronic wound?

A

a wound whose progression through healing phases if prolonged or arrested due to underlying conditions

3
Q

What does “recalcitrant” mean?

A

not obedient or not compliant

4
Q

What are deterrents to expedient wound healing?

A
  1. wound characteristics
  2. local factors
  3. systemic factors
  4. inappropriate wound management
5
Q

What are characteristics that affect rate of wound management?

A

MOI, time since onset, wound location, wound dimensions, temperature, wound hydration, necrotic tissue or foreign bodies, infection

6
Q

What is the ideal wound healing temperature?

A

37-38 C, 98.6-100.4 F (foam is best)

7
Q

What is the clinical word for a dry wound?

A

dessication

8
Q

What is the ideal amount of wound hydration?

A

moist (too dry impedes current, too wet causes maceration)

9
Q

What do foreign bodies do?

A

prolong inflammation

10
Q

What does necrotic tissue do?

A

promotes infection

11
Q

what is a normal level of microflora for cultures?

What is concerning

A

10^3 microbes per g/tissue

>10^5 = infection

12
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of infection?

A

similar to inflammation, but disproportionate to the wound

13
Q

What are the key differences for chronic wound healing?

A

senescent cells, increased number of inflammatory mediators, reduced number of tissue inhibitors of MMPs, reduced or arrested epithelialization, greater bioburden

14
Q

What are some local factors that affect wound healing?

A

circulation, sensation, mechanical stress

15
Q

What are some systemic factors that affect wound healing?

A

age, nutrition, comorbidities, medication, behavioral risk taking (alcohol, smoking)

16
Q

Tissue perfusion occurs at what level?

A

microcirculation

17
Q

What is sympathetic response?

A

vasoconstriction

18
Q

Older adults have a _______ immune response.

A

Slowed

19
Q

Older adults have a _______ collagen synthesis and strength.

A

decreased

20
Q

Older adults have epidermal and dermal _______.

A

atrophy

21
Q

Older adults have a _______ number of sweat and oil glands.

A

decreased

22
Q

Older adults have a _______ pain perception.

A

decreased

23
Q

Older adults have a _______ inflammatory response.

A

decreased

24
Q

Older adults have a _______ number of comorbidities.

A

greater

25
Q

Older adults have a _______ susceptibility of infection.

A

increased

26
Q

What happens to individuals with inadequate nutrition?

A

increased incidence of complications, delayed healing time

27
Q

Which medications mainly affect wound healing?

A

steroids at doses of >30-40 mg/day, chemotherapy, and NSAIDs

28
Q

How does alcohol abuse affect wound healing?

A

malnutrition, greater risk for injury, less likely to obtain medical assistance

29
Q

How does smoking affect wound healing?

A

decreases tissue perfusion, reduces oxygenation, delays normal cellular response

30
Q

Smoking has a _____x increased graft/flap or necrosis risk, and ______x increased infection rate

A

3, 3-5