Week 4 COPD FITB Flashcards
The primary cause of COPD is ____ smoking, which leads to an abnormal inflammatory response in the ____.
cigarette, lungs
The clinical manifestations of COPD include ____ and ____ difficulties.
breathing, airflow
The effects of cigarette smoking on the lungs include ____ and ____ inflammation.
chronic, abnormal
COPD is a preventable and treatable disease, but it is not ____ reversible.
fully
The pathophysiology of COPD involves an abnormal response to ____ particles or gases.
toxic
People with COPD often display characteristics of both ____ and ____.
CHRONIC BRONCHITIS, EMPHYSEMA
Common symptoms of COPD include ____ and ____.
Dyspnea, Shortness of breath (SOB)
The destruction of ____ is a key feature of ____ in COPD.
alveoli, Emphysema
A chronic, productive cough must last for ____ months per year for ____ years to be considered COPD.
3+, 2+
In Canada, ____ to ____ percent of COPD cases are attributed to cigarette smoking.
80, 90
Additional common symptoms of COPD include activity limitations and ____ or ____ of breath.
dyspnea, shortness
A deficiency in ____ can contribute to the development of COPD.
α 1 - Antitrypsin
Chronic bronchitis is characterized by a ____ cough lasting for a minimum of ____ months.
productive, 3
Auscultation in COPD may reveal prolonged _____ phase, wheezes, or diminished _____ sounds.
expiratory, breath
Patients with COPD may exhibit _____ muscle use and a _____ posture during breathing.
accessory, tripod
Pursed-lip breathing and a barrel chest are signs of _____ and _____ in COPD patients.
hyperinflation, air trapping
Dusky color of the skin can indicate severe _____ in COPD patients, along with other symptoms.
hypoxia
Cor pulmonale is a late manifestation of ____ with a poor prognosis, often resulting from chronic ____ and/or acidosis.
COPD, alveolar hypoxia
Acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) can lead to complications such as ____ ____ depression.
acute respiratory
Chronic alveolar hypoxia and/or acidosis causes increased pressure in the pulmonary arteries, resulting in _____ hypertension.
pulmonary
The hypertrophy of the right side of the heart can occur with or without ____ failure due to ____ hypertension.
heart, pulmonary
Common complications of COPD include cor pulmonale, acute exacerbations, and acute _____ _____.
respiratory failure
Pulmonary function testing (PFTs) and serum α 1 - Antitrypsin level (AAT) are part of the clinical assessment for ______________.
COPD
In older adults, COPD can lead to increased ______________ and a higher risk of ______________.
comorbidities, mortality
