Week 5 Flashcards
What is growth
The quantitative changes that can be measured and compared with norms
What is development
Implies a progressive and continuous process of change leading to a state of organised and specialised functional capacity
As nurses how can we influences prenatal care
Health promotion
Screening for manageable conditions and treatable diseases
Educational, social and nutritional services
What is the transition from intrauterine to extrauterine life at birth
Physical changes-Independent respiratory function Psychosocial changes- Parent child interactions begin Health considerations- airway potency Immature immune system Thermoregulation
What are the physical changes in newborns
Heart rate ranges from 120-160 BP is 74/46 Breathing rate is 30-50 Head moulding Elimination
What are the cognitive changes of a newborn senses
Touch: Sensitive to touch on mouth, palms and souls Pain Hearing: Learns sound patterns Sensitive to voices Vision: Tract movement and monitor environment Taste and smell: Sweet tastes Identify mother through smell
What are the psychosocial changes of a newborn
Strong bonds
Newborns maintain contact with parents-john bowlby
Care plans
What are the physical changes of infancy
Rapid physical growth and psychosocial development
Interact with environment
Gross motor skills develop
Sleep patterns change
What are the sensory changes of infancy
Vision: I teret in human faces, colour vision, depth perception Hearing: Sensory threshold higher Touch and pain: Respond to touch and can also feel pain Smell: Can differentiate odours Taste: Sensitivity to taste may be present before birth
What are the cognitive changes in infancy
Infants construct an understanding of the world by coordinating sensory experiences with physical, notorious actions
Repetition, reflexes, interesting actions
Do infants listen better when we speak in a higher voice with simple words?
Yes
What are some of the infants psychosocial (emotions) changes
Fear is one of the baby’s earliest emotions
Stranger anxiety
How does an infants temperament change
Cultural influence
Family influence
Did Erickson believed the first year is characterised by trust and mistrust?
Yes
Does a mothers facial expression influences an infants behaviour?
Yes
What are some attachment issues with infancy
Erickson: trust arises from physical comfort and sensitive care
Bowlby: biologically equipped to attach
Secure, avoidant, resistant, disorganised
Maternal sensitivity linked to secure attachment
What affects learning capacity
Relies on parents for basic needs
Learns to trust adults when convey love
Explores environment through senses
What are some teaching methods
Keep rountines consistent
Hold firmly, smile and speak softly
Stimulate senses
What are the physical changes in toddlers
Sphincter control Gross motor skills Fine motor skills Height and weight Brain growth Brain structure
How do toddlers represent the world
Through words and images
What is cognition dominated to
By egocentrism and magical beliefs
What are some psychosocial changes of toddlers emotions
Social referencing
Self consciousness
Emotional self regulation
Do toddlers have temper tantrums and are shy vs sociable child
Yes
What are the 4 stages of attachment
Pre attachment
Attachment in the making
Clear cut attachment
Formation of a reciprocal relationship
