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ASCI 001 > Week 5: Reproduction > Flashcards

Week 5: Reproduction Flashcards

1
Q

HPG axis

A

Hypothalamus

Pituitary Gland

Gonads

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2
Q

Male Gonads

A

testis

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3
Q

Female Gonads

A

Ovary

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4
Q

HPG axis regulates…?

A

Germ cell development and maintenance

Fertilization

Pregnancy

Parturition

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5
Q

Puberty

A

Process of maturing

Development of secondary sex characteristics

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6
Q

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

A

Releases Luteinizing hormone and Follicle-stimulating hormone

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7
Q

Luteinizing hormone

A

Signals the testes to produce testosterone

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8
Q

Follicle-stimulating hormone

A

Critical for sperm production

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9
Q

Anestrus

A

Reduced levels of GnRH

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10
Q

Proestrus

A

Follicles form and produce estrogen

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11
Q

Estrus

A

Estrogen peaks and brings the female into heat

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12
Q

Metestrus

A

CL is formed and progesterone secretion is initiated

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13
Q

Diestrus

A

Sustained release of progesterone by the CL

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14
Q

Short-day breeders

A

Sheep and goats

Stimulated to begin cycling as day length declines

Most fertile in the late summer and fall months of the year

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15
Q

Long-day breeders

A

Mares

Induced to cyclicity as day length extends

Most fertile in the spring months

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16
Q

Uterus

A

Assisting in sperm transport

Regulation of the corpus luteum

Site of implantation and pregnancy

Expulsion of fetus and fetal membranes

17
Q

Oviducts

A

Transport of ova and sperm

Site of fertilization and early cleavage

18
Q

Cervix

A

Facilitating sperm transport (sow and mare)

Prevention of uterine contamination

19
Q

Ovaries

A

Production of oocytes

Production of estrogen and progesterone

20
Q

Vagina

A

Copulatory organ

birth canal

21
Q

Testis

A

produce sperm and testosterone

22
Q

Epididymis

A

Coiled duct connected to each testis

Stores, transports, and facilitates the maturation of sperm cells

23
Q

Scrotum

A

Contains and protects testes

Regulates temperature of testes

24
Q

Penis

A

Copulatory organ

passageway for semen

25
Q

Accessory glands

A

Add fluid and nutrition to sperm

Sperm + fluid from accessory glands = semen

26
Q

Courtship

A

Behavior of animals leading up to copulation

27
Q

Copulation

A

Behaviors involved in actual fertilization

28
Q

Postcopulatory activities

A

Pregnancy, parturition, and care of young

29
Q

Parity

A

Number of times a female has given birth

ASCI 001 (15 decks)

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