Week 6 - IBD Medications

Question 1

what is a 5-aminosalicyclate

Answer 1

• group of meds used to treat inflammation in the gut

- anti-inflammatory agents for IBD

Question 2

what is an example of 5-aminosalicyclate

Answer 2

sulfasalazine

Question 3

what is the indication of sulfasalazine

Answer 3

• mild to moderate IBD

Question 4

what is the anticipated effcet of sulfasalazine

Answer 4

• reduce inflammation in the GI tract

Question 5

list possible side effects of sulfasalazine (5)

Answer 5

• nausea
• fever
• rash
• arthralgia
• hematologic disorders

Question 6

what is arthralgia

Answer 6

• discomfort, pain, or inflammation arising from any part of a joint

Question 7

describe nursing assessment for sulfasalazine

Answer 7

• improvement of GI symptoms

- periodic CBC

Question 8

what is the MOA of sulfasalazine (2)

Answer 8

• suppresses prostaglandin synthesis

- suppresses the migration of inflammatory cells

Question 9

what are corticosteroids

Answer 9

• steroid hormones

- includes mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids

Question 10

what are glucocorticoids

Answer 10

• drugs that produce physiologic effects at low doses

- and pharmacologic effects at high doses which can be used to treat inflammatory disorders

Question 11

what are 2 types of glucocorticoids that can be used for IBD

Answer 11

• cortisone

- dexamethasone

Question 12

describe the indication for glucocorticoids r/t IBD

Answer 12

• moderate to severe IBD

Question 13

what is the anticipated effects of glucocorticoids r/t IBD

Answer 13

• reduce inflammation in the GI tract

Question 14

list side effects of dexamethasone (5)

Answer 14

• adrenal suppression
• increased risk of infection (immunosuppresion)
• osteoporosis
• sodium & water retention
• potassium loss

Question 15

describe nursing assessment for dexamethasone

Answer 15

• improve of GI symptoms

- signs of infection

Question 16

what type of med is used after glucocorticoids for moderate to severe IBD

Answer 16

• infliximab

Question 17

what type of med is infliximab

Answer 17

• immuno-modulator (monoclonal antibody)

Question 18

what is the MOA of infliximab

Answer 18

• TNF antibody against TNF

Question 19

what is TNF

Answer 19

• tumour necrosis factor
• a key immunoinflammatory modulator
• plays a role in IBD

Question 20

list 2 side effects of infliximab

Answer 20

• increased risk of infection

- infusion rxn

Question 21

what is an infusion rxn (5)

Answer 21

• fever
• chills
• pruritis
• urticaria
• cardiopulmonary rxn (chest pain, hypotension, HTN, dyspnea)

Question 22

what med is used for severe IBD

Answer 22

• cyclosporine

Question 23

what type of med is cyclosporine

Answer 23

• immunosuppressants

Question 24

describe assessment for infliximab

Answer 24

• improvement of GI symptoms

- monitor for infection

Question 25

what is the anticipated effect of cyclosporine

Answer 25

- reduce inflammation of the GI tract

Question 26

what are side effects associated with cyclosporine (3)

Answer 26

- renal impairment - neurotoxicity - generalized suppresion of the immune system

Question 27

what is the MOA of cyclosporin

Answer 27

- acts on helper T cells to suppress immune system

Question 28

describe nursing assessment of cyclosporin

Answer 28

- improvement of GI symptoms | - monitor for infection

Question 29

what antidiarrheal drug can be used for IBD

Answer 29

- loperamide

Question 30

what is the indication for loperamide (2)

Answer 30

- pain related to rectal spasm | - diarrhea

Question 31

what is a side effect associated with loperamide

Answer 31

- constipation

Question 32

what is the anticipated effects of loperamide

Answer 32

- decrease GI motility | - relive rectal spams

Question 33

describe nursing assessment of loperamide

Answer 33

- symptoms relief: less BMs and rectal spasm

Question 34

what antimicrobial drug can be used for IBD

Answer 34

- metronidiazole (flagyl)

Question 35

what is the anticipated effect of metronidiazole

Answer 35

- eradication of H pylori for pts with peptic ulcer disease

Question 36

what type of vitamin can be used in IBD

Answer 36

- ferrous sulfate

Question 37

what is the indication for ferrous sulfate

Answer 37

- iron deficiency anemia

Question 38

list adverse effects of ferrous sulfate (2)

Answer 38

- GI disturbances (N, CD, pyrosis, bloating) | - staining of teeth