Week 6-Muscular system

Question 1

Achondroplasia

Answer 1

Dwarfism; inherited condition were cartilage and bone formation are defective and do not grow to normal size

Question 2

Adduction

Answer 2

Movement toward the midline of the body

Question 3

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Answer 3

Lou Gehrig disease; muscles deteriorate as a result of degeneration of nerves in spinal cord and lower region of the brain (paralysis occurs)

Question 4

Ankylosing spondylitis

Answer 4

Chronic, progressive arthritis with stiffening of joints, primarily of the spine

Question 5

Arthrodesis

Answer 5

Bones fused across the joint space by surgery

Question 6

Atrophy

Answer 6

Decrease in size of an organ or tissue

Question 7

Bunion

Answer 7

Enlargement of bone or tissue around the joint at the base of the big toe (metatarsophalangeal joint)

Question 8

Carpal tunnel syndrome

Answer 8

CTS; compression of the median nerves as it passes between the ligament, bones, and tendons of the wrist

Question 9

Chrondroma

Answer 9

Benign cartilaginous tumor

Question 10

Chrondromalacia

Answer 10

Damage to the cartilage under patella

Question 11

Dislocation

Answer 11

Displacement of a bine from it’s joint

Question 12

Dorsiflexion

Answer 12

Backward (upward) bending of the foot

Question 13

Extention

Answer 13

Straightening of a flexed limb

Question 14

Fascia

Answer 14

Fibrous membrane separating and enveloping muscles

Question 15

Fasciotomy

Answer 15

Fascia is cut to relieve tension or pressure on muscles

Question 16

Fibromyalgia

Answer 16

Chronic pain and stiffness in muscles, joints, and fibrous tissue (esp. back, shoulders, neck, hip, and knees); fatigue, cause unknown

Question 17

Flexion

Answer 17

Bending a limb; decreasing the angle between bones

Question 18

Ganglion cyst

Answer 18

Fluid filled sac arising from joint capsules or tendons, typically in the hand

Question 19

Gouty arthritis

Answer 19

Inflammation and painful swelling of joint caused by excessive uric acid in the body

Question 20

Hemarthrosis

Answer 20

Bleeding into joint spaces

Question 21

Hypertrophy

Answer 21

Increase in size of an organ or tissue

Question 22

Leiomyoma

Answer 22

fibroids; benign smooth muscle tumor; commonly found in uterus, small bowel, and esophagus

Question 23

Leiomyosarcoma

Answer 23

LMS; type of soft tissue sarcoma, can develop in muscle, fat, blood vessels, or any other tissues that support, surround, and protect organs of the body

Question 24

Ligament

Answer 24

Fibrous tissue connecting bone to bone

Question 25

Ligamentous

Answer 25

Pertaining to, of the nature of, or forming a ligament

Question 26

Lyme disease

Answer 26

Disorder marked by arthritis, myalgia, and malaise; caused by bacterium carried by a tick

Question 27

Myalgia

Answer 27

Muscle pain

Question 28

Plantar flexion

Answer 28

Bending the sole of the foot downward toward the ground

Question 29

Pronation

Answer 29

Turning palm downward

Question 30

Rhabdomyoma

Answer 30

Benign tumor of striated muscle

Question 31

Rhabdomyosarcoma

Answer 31

RMS; cancer made up of cells that normally develop into skeletal muscles

Question 32

Rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 32

Chronic joint condition with inflammation and pain; caused by an autoimmune reaction against joint tissue, particularly the synovial membrane

Question 33

Rotation

Answer 33

Circular movement around an axis (center point)

Question 34

Smooth muscle

Answer 34

Muscle tissue in which the contractile fibrils are not highly ordered; occur in gut and other internal organs

Question 35

Spinal stenosis

Answer 35

Narrowing of the neural (spinal) canal in lumbar spine

Question 36

Sprain

Answer 36

Trauma to ligaments without rupture

Question 37

Strain

Answer 37

Injury involving the over stretching of muscle

Question 38

Striated muscle

Answer 38

Muscle connected to bones, voluntary or skeletal muscle

Question 39

Subluxation

Answer 39

Partial or incomplete dislocation

Question 40

Synovial fluid

Answer 40

Viscous fluid within the synovial cavity

Question 41

Synovial joint

Answer 41

Freely movable joint

Question 42

Synovial membrane

Answer 42

Tissue lining the synovial cavity, it produces synovial fluid

Question 43

Synovitis

Answer 43

Inflammation of a synovial membrane

Question 44

Systemic lupus erythematosus

Answer 44

SLE; chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease involving joints, skin, kidneys, central nervous system, heart, and lungs

Question 45

Tendonitis

Answer 45

Inflammation of tendon; most commonly from over use but also from infection or RA

Question 46

Tendon

Answer 46

Fibrous connective tissue connecting muscles and bones

Question 47

Tenorrhaphy

Answer 47

Surgical suture of the divided ends of a tendon

Question 48

Tenosynovitis

Answer 48

Inflammation and swelling of a tendon, typically in the wrist, often caused by repetitive movements (ie typing)

Question 49

Abduction

Answer 49

Movement away from the midline of the body

Question 50

Visceral muscle

Answer 50

Muscle connected to internal organs; involuntary or smooth muscle